openSUSE Leap 42.2

˵

openSUSE Leap һĸ˼ʼǱԻĻ Linux ɲ
ϵͳʹƣʣƬ㹫񣬹ƵƷ
֣Ȥ

ڣ2018-01-25 42.2.20180124

1 װ
2 ϵͳ
3 
4 Ϣͷ

The end of the maintenance period for openSUSE Leap 42.2 is now reached. To
keep your systems up-to-date and secure, upgrade to a current openSUSE version.
Before starting the upgrade, make sure that all maintenance updates for
openSUSE Leap 42.2 are applied.

˽йĿǰ openSUSE 汾 https://zh.opensuse.org/SDB:ϵ
ͳ

һɵİ汾 openSUSE Leapǰ汾ķ˵https://
zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:˵

й openSUSE Ŀοhttps://www.opensuse.org

1 װ

½Ϊڰװ̵ϸָοĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/
documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part.basics.html

1.1 Сϵͳװ

Ϊ˱ⰲװĳЩϴƼСװģʽԼٲҪװ
Ƴ patterns-openSUSE-minimal_base-conflicts ģ顣

עСװĬûзǽҪ밲װ SuSEfirewall2

1.2 UEFI ? ͳһչ̼ӿ

 openSUSE װʹ UEFIͳһչ̼ӿڣļǰر
һӲƼĹ̼£ңеĻ밲װĸ¡Ԥװ
Windows 8 Ǳʹ UEFI һԱ־

һЩ UEFI ̼⣬ᵼ UEFI 洢дʱ𻵡
ǲû綨Ϊ??

openSUSE дϵͳСݣӶ÷տ͡С
ζŸ֪ UEFI ̼ openSUSE λáĬϽ Linux ںʹ
 UEFI 洢ͱϢpstoreĹܡȻƼװӲ
Ƽκι̼¡

1.3 ĬԴ̱ǩʽʱװ

When setting the default mount value to By Label during partitioning, the
installer will report an error and crash. As a workaround, use another option
for installation. If needed, switch back to By Label on the running system.

1.4 UEFIGPT  MS-DOS 

 EFI/UEFI 淶һµķGPTGUID ·ʹ
ȫΨһʶ128 λֵʾ 32 ʮ֣ʶ豸ͷ͡

⣬UEFI 淶Ҳͳ MBRMS-DOSLinux ELILO  GRUB2
᳢ΪЩͳʽķԶһ GUIDд뵽̼С
GUID Ƶ仯д̼дͬɣƳʹǰһ


ִ̼ռѼɾͷڴԤĹ̼
ͷЩʱͻᵼ⡣ʹϵͳ޷

ܷܼ򵥣ͳ MBR תµ GPT ⡣

1.5 Nouveau 3D/DRI ܻᵼ KDE Ӧó

 openSUSE Leap 42.2 УNouveau Mesa/DRI  2D/3D ȾΪԹܡ
Nouveau kernel/KMS  Nouveau X.org/DDX  2D ȾȻȶġ

 Nouveau Mesa/DRI ʹùУһЩӦóܻر KDE  Qt
򡣴Ŀǰλڵİ Mesa-dri-nouveau УʱԽɾ

ûаװκ Nvidia GPU  3D ֧֣Ҷµʹ
 Glamor п 2D  Nvidia GPU ṩ 2D ֧֡ 2D ں˼
ʾģʽ趨 (Kernel Mode Setting) ȻãΪƷ Kepler  Nvidia GPU 
 2012 ԼĲƷͨ GPU ϵ EXA ʵ 2D ٹܵġ3D 
ͨȾõ֧֡

Ϣ bug  https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=91632 
https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1005323 

2 ϵͳ

½гϵͳصע͡ϸָοĵ https://
doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/
cha.update.osuse.html

2.1  openSUSE Leap 42.1 

2.1.1 Ƴ滻

 openSUSE Leap 42.1Ƴ滻

  arista滻Ϊ transmageddon

  cadabraԴ޷Һ汾Cadabra 2Ŀǰȶ

  dropbearƳΪ openssh ˵Ӧơ

  emerillon滻Ϊ gnome-maps

  gnome-system-log滻Ϊ gnome-logs

  hawk滻Ϊ hawk2

  ksnapshot滻Ϊ spectacle

  labplotLabplot Ѿ滻Ϊ Qt5 汾Ϊ labplot-kf5Ӱװ 
    labplot  openSUSE Leap 42.1 㽫Զ labplot-kf5

  nodejsΪ nodejs4

  psi滻Ϊ psi+

  python-moin滻Ϊ moinmoin-wikiǰ汾 ? 
    ͬƷ

  ungifsicle滻Ϊ gifsicle

  xchat滻Ϊ hexchat

2.1.2 /var/cache ڶӾ (subvolume) нпպͻع (rollback)

/var/cache а׻ӷݣ Zypper ÿθʱͬ汾 RPM 
档洢ݾд൫׻ӷ¿ռõܴ̿ռ
ܿ졣

Ϊ˽⣬ /var/cache Ƶ˵Ӿȫ°װ openSUSE Leap
42.2 ϣԶõġҪתеĸļϵͳҪִ²裺

 1. ҵĿ¼ļϵͳ豸磬 /dev/sda2  /dev/sda3

    df /

 2. ҵӾĸӾ openSUSE 13.2 ӾΪ @ҪǷ
    @ Ӿʹã

    btrfs subvolume list / | grep '@'

    Ϊգ򲻴Ϊ @ Ӿ£ʹ ID Ϊ
    5 ӾǾɰ汾 openSUSE ʹõġ

 3. ڹҪӾ

       @ Ӿ򽫴Ӿصʱصϣ

        mount <root_device> -o subvol=@ /mnt

       @ Ӿ ID Ϊ 5 Ӿ

        mount /dev/<root_device> -o subvolid=5 /mnt

 4. /mnt/var/cache ҲѾڣҿ /var/cache ͬĿ¼Ϊ˱
    ݶʧתƣ

    mv /mnt/var/cache /mnt/var/cache.old

 5. µӾ

    btrfs subvol create /mnt/var/cache

 6. ʱ /var/cache.old Ŀ¼תƵµλã

    mv /var/cache.old/* /mnt/var/cache

    ִУ

    mv /var/cache/* /mnt/var/cache/

 7. ѡ /mnt/var/cache.old ɾ

    rm -rf /mnt/var/cache.old

 8. ʱصжشӾ

    umount /mnt

 9.  /etc/fstab Ϊµ /var/cache ӾһĿѴڵӾĿΪ
    ģиơȷҪ UUID Ǹļϵͳ UUID޸Ӿ
    ص㣬ʹ /var/cache һ¡

10.  /etc/fstab õӾ

    mount /var/cache

2.1.3 GNOME Keyring  GPG 

GNOME Keyring мɵ GPG ѱƳˣGNOME Keyring ٱڹ
GPG ԿȻʹ gpg ߹ GPG Կ

2.1.4 Synaptics X  GNOME ¿ܻήʹʹ

 Leap 42.1 УSynaptics X  ( xf86-input-synaptics) Ĭϰװ
ģȼ libinput (xf86-input-libinput)

 Leap 42.2 ʼ

  Synaptics X Ĭϰװ

  װ Synaptics X κδ豸ʹá

  GNOME ֧Synaptics X ζŵװֻ
    Synaptics Ϊ

ʹ Synaptics 岢Ҷ Synaptics ˴Զ
뽫ϵͳɾ

sudo zypper rm xf86-input-synaptics

2.1.5 AArch64:  openSUSE Leap 42.1  openSUSE Leap 42.2 ҳС
仯

 openSUSE Leap 42.1 УAArch64 ƽ̨ĬϷҳС 64 kB openSUSE Leap
42.2 У÷ҳСΪ 4 kBɾɵ Swap  Btrfs ļϵͳȶ

Ŀǰ AArch64 ƽ̨ʹ openSUSE Leap 42.1뿼ȫ°װ openSUSE
Leap 42.2 

2.1.6 ֮ CCISS ϵͳ޷

The driver for Compaq/HP Smart Array (CCISS) controllers (cciss.ko) does not
support certain controllers anymore by default. This can lead to the root disk
not being detected by the openSUSE Leap 42.2 kernel.

ӰϵͳϣCCISS ΪָǰΪٴμҪ
ں˲ cciss.cciss_allow_hpsa=0

2.2  openSUSE 13.2 

µעڴ openSUSE 13.2 ɵİ汾ͬʱȷĶ˵ 2.1 
 ? openSUSE Leap 42.1 ? ṩϢ

2.2.1 ӿ

 openSUSE 13.2 һԶʱȷӿȷ

openSUSE 13.2 ʹνĿԤӿ (磬enp5s0) openSUSE Leap
42.1 ʹ˹̶ӿ (eth0)ӿı䡣
ϵͳ档ҪӿڣϵͳǰΪÿӿ

/usr/lib/udev/udev-generate-persistent-rule -v -c enp5s0 -n enp5s0 -o /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

뽫 enp5s0 滻Ϊӿơ

2.2.2 Btrfsϵͳع̿ռй¶

openSUSE 13.2 Ĭʹ Btrfs ֣ʹô̿ռִеһϵͳع
ʱ޷ʵݸռá openSUSE Leap 42.1 ޸
Ȼ޸ֻ°װϵͳ

Ǵ openSUSE 13.2 ģ޷ļϵͳת²֣ԻЩ
ʧĴ̿ռ䡣



棺Ǳ׼޻عûᵼݶʧ

¹̽ʹ openSUSE 13.2 װĬ᰸еİװ

⣬֮ǰѾйһϵͳع

ʹ÷Ǳ׼ Btrfs ļϵͳ֮ǰδлعִ̻ᵼ
ݶʧ

 1. Mount the initial root file system:

    mount /dev/<ROOT_FILE_SYSTEM> -o subvolid=5 /mnt

 2. Ƴ /mnt ȫӾļ

    find /mnt -xdev -delete

 3. Umount the file system again:

    umount /mnt

2.2.3 ӡϵͳĽԼݵı䶯

CUPS 汾 1.7

 openSUSE 13.2 е CUPS 1.5CUPS 1.7 һЩҪı仯Ҫֶ
á

  PDF ȡ PS Ϊ˱׼ӡʽʴͳ PostScript ӡҲ
    Ҫһ˾ܴӡ

    ϸο https://en.opensuse.org/Concepts_printing

  ӡЭ䶯ӡԭڻ DNS 
    (DNS-SDҲǣͨ Avahi) cups-filters  cups-browsed 
    Ž¾Э顣cupsd  cups-browsed ҪвʹɵĿͻ (
    LibreOffice  KDE) ִӡ

  IPP ЭĬϰ汾 1.1 Ϊ 2.0ɵ IPP  CUPS 1.3.x ( SUSE
    Linux Enterprise 11 е) ܾ IPP 2.0 󣬷 Bad Request (ο http:
    //www.cups.org/str.php?L4231)

    To be able to print to old servers, the IPP protocol version must be
    specified explicitly by appending /version=1.1 to either:

      client.conf е ServerName  (磬ServerName
        older.server.example.com/version=1.1)

      CUPS_SERVER ֵ

      й -h ѡõķֵ磺

        lpstat -h older.server.example.com/version=1.1 -p

  һЩӡ˾ͺ˴ cups Ƶ cups-filters 

  һЩ cupsd.conf ֵ cups-files.conf  http://www.cups.org/
    str.php?L4223CVE-2012-5519  https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?
    id=789566

  CUPS Ͳҳ cups  cups-filters ο http://
    www.cups.org/str.php?L4120  https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id
    =735404

3 

ⲿг˹ openSUSE Leap 42.2 ޷һ⡣

3.1 KDE ĸϢKDE PIM

openSUSE Leap 42.2 Դ汾 KDE PIM (Kontact, KMail ) װ

  ɵ 4.x 汾

   KDE Frameworks 5 İ汾

KDE β֧ KDE PIM 4.xΪ˱ӰûḶ́Խ䱣

汾 KDE PIM ͬʱװһЩ KNode knode Ҫɵ
4.x 汾װκ KDE PIM 5.x  kmail5ʱЩᱻжء

KDE PIM 4.x һ openSUSE Leap 汾Ƴˣǹлµ 5.x
汾

ȻеöᱻӾɰ汾ǨƹϸϢȱݱ https://
bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1001872

3.2 ʹ GNOME Shell ʹ GDM ʱĻ

 GNOME Shell  GDM ĵ¼ SDDM  LightDM ͬʹʱĻ
ջ֮⣬Ҳ޷ڲ˳¼лû

Ҫ GNOME Shell ʹĻĵ¼ GDM

 1. ȷ gdm Ѱװ

 2.  YaST /etc/sysconfig 

 3. ƶ Desktop ? Display manager ? DISPLAYMANAGER

 4. ıУָ gdmȷб档

 5. ϵͳ

3.3 LibreOffice֧Type-1

LibreOffice 5.3֧־ʽType-1壨.afm.pfbȺ׺ļھ
û˵һĶӰ졣Ϊ嶼ѾTrueType.ttf
OpenType.otf

˱Ӱ쵽ûͨ Type-1 תֵ֧ĸʽ TrueType
ʹת塣ʹ FontForgefontforge תϣ
ͨűתԲο https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/
scripting/Ӣģ

4 Ϣͷ

  Ķװϵ README ĵ

   RPM лȡغĳضϸ޶ʷϢ

    rpm --changelog -qp FILENAME.rpm

     FILENAME 滻Ϊ RPM ơ

  鿴ʶĿ¼е ChangeLog ־ðʱеȫʷ

  ڽϵ docu ļлȡϢ

  https://doc.opensuse.org/ ˶Ļµĵ

   http://www.opensuse.org  openSUSE ²ƷѶ

Ȩ ? 2018 SUSE LLC

лʹ openSUSE

openSUSE Ŷӡ

? 2018 SUSE

