openSUSE Leap 15.0

˵

openSUSE Leap һĸ˼ʼǱԻĻ Linux ɲ
ϵͳʹƣʣƬ㹫񣬹ƵƷ
֣Ȥ

:  ? աGrover ChouDingzhong Chen
ڣ2018-05-1415.0.20180514

1 װ
2 ϵͳ
3 ʷ
4 
5 ȫ
6 Ϣͷ

˵ڲϵСҪҵĸ£鿴߰汾 https://
doc.opensuse.org/release-notesӢİ汾˵ʱ¡汾ʱ


һɵİ汾 openSUSE Leapǰ汾ķ˵https://
zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:˵

й openSUSE ĿϢοhttps://www.opensuse.org

Ҫύ˷汾Ĵ󱨸棬ʹ openSUSE Bugzilla https://
zh.opensuse.org/openSUSE:ύ󱨸档

1 װ

½Ϊڰװ̵ϸָοĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/
documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/part.basics.html

1.1 Сϵͳװ

СװϵͳȱͨΪȻĳЩܣ

  ǽǰˣаװ firewalld

   YaSTаװ patterns-yast-yast2_basis

1.2 UEFI?ͳһչ̼ӿ

 openSUSE װʹ UEFIͳһչ̼ӿڣļǰر
һӲƼĹ̼£ңеĻ밲װĸ¡Ԥװ
Windows 8 °汾Ǳʹ UEFI һԱ־

Щ UEFI ̼⣬ᵼ UEFI 洢дʱ𻵡
ǲû綨Ϊ??

openSUSE дϵͳСݣӶ÷տ͡С
ζŸ֪ UEFI ̼ openSUSE λáĬϽ Linux ںʹ
 UEFI 洢ͱϢpstoreĹܡȻƼװӲ
Ƽκι̼¡

1.3 UEFIGPT  MS-DOS 

 EFI/UEFI 淶һµķGPTGUID ·ʹ
ȫΨһʶ128 λֵʾ 32 ʮ֣ʶ豸ͷ͡

⣬UEFI 淶Ҳͳ MBRMS-DOSLinux ELILO  GRUB2
᳢ΪЩͳʽķԶһ GUIDд뵽̼С
GUID Ƶ仯д̼дͬɣƳʹǰһ


ʽ̼ռѼɾͷڴԤĹ̼
ͷЩʱͻᵼ⡣ʹϵͳ޷

ܷܼ򵥣ͳ MBR תµ GPT ⡣

1.4 ֶװ Nvidia 

openSUSE Leap 15.0 Уֶװ Nvidia ֮ǰҪж
drm-kmp-defaultȻʹ.runнű浵

zypper rm drm-kmp-default

װ Nvidia ṩ RPM ᱻӰ죬ΪЩڰװ
ʱԶ drm-kmp-default 滻

ж Nvidia °װdrm-kmp-default

˽Ϣ https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1044816

1.5 ڴи DPI ʾĵŰװ UI

YaST װĬϲΪ DPI ʾ UIӵһ DPI ʾĵ
ԣ YaST ΪʾԶ UIҪ
QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=1 С

2 ϵͳ

½гϵͳصע͡ϸָοĵ https://
doc.opensuse.org/documentation/leap/startup/html/book.opensuse.startup/
cha.update.osuse.html

˽Ϣ 3  ?ʷ?

2.1  openSUSE Leap 42.3 

2.1.1 Postfix Admin ʹ󲻼ݵĿ¼

Ӱ汾 3.2 ʼ openSUSE Leap 15.0 е Postfix Admin 
postfixadminʹһµ󲻼ݵĿ¼֣

  ļƶ /etc/postfixadmin

  PHP ƶ /usr/share/postfixadmin

  Smarty ƶ /var/cache/postfixadmin

Postfix Admin ٴǰλöȡļòԶǨơˣҪ
ֶǨĿ

   /srv/www/htdocs/postfixadmin н config.local.php ƶ /etc/
    postfixadmin

  б༭ config.inc.php״̬뽫ЩԶúϲ /etc/
    postfixadmin/config.local.phpǽ鱣 config.inc.php δ޸ġ

   Apache Уӻñ /postfixadmin

      ҪʹñУ

        a2enflag POSTFIXADMIN && rcapache2 restart

      ҪʹضϿã뽫ñӵС

3 ʷ

3.1 õ

õṩΪаһ֣ƻ¸ openSUSE Leap 汾Ƴ
ЩΪ˷Ǩƣʹǿܲյ¡

ȷϰװǷάȰװ lifecycle-data-openSUSE 
ִ

zypper lifecycle

4 

½г openSUSE Leap 15.0 ϵ͸ġ

4.1 ר Nvidia ֧ Wayland  KDE

KDE Plasma Wayland Ự֧רе Nvidia ʹ KDE ר
Nvidia ͣ X Ự

4.2 ûĬϵ Compose ϼ

֮ǰ openSUSE 汾УCompose ϼ׼޷ṩַġ
Ϊ ???Ҫ²ͷ Shift? Ctrl ٰ a Ρ

 openSUSE Leap 15.0 У Shift? Ctrl ޷˲Ĭ趨
Compose 

  Ҫһϵͳȫֵ Compose ϣ޸ļ /etc/X11/Xmodmap еУ

    [...]
    !! Third example: Change right Control key to Compose key.
    !! To do Compose Character, press this key and afterwards two
    !! characters (e.g. `a' and `^' to get 342).
    !remove  Control  = Control_R
    !keysym Control_R = Multi_key
    !add     Control  = Control_R
    [...]

    Ҫȡעʾ룬Ƴ׵ ! ַע⣬ʹ setxkbmap 
    ĻXmodmap ļеýᱻǡ

  趨û Compose ϣʹ滷ṩļ趨߻ʹ
    setxkbmapйߣ

    setxkbmap [...] -option compose:COMPOSE 

    е COMPOSE 滻ϲļ ralt Alt lwin
    Windows rwin Windows menu˵rctl Ctrl 
    capsд

  ⣬ʹ IBus 뷨ҲַҪʹ Compose 

4.3 ʹ update-alternatives õ½Ự

ڹȥʹ /etc/sysconfig  YaST ģ /etc/sysconfig Editor ȥ½
Ự openSUSE Leap 15.0 ʼЩֵ /etc/sysconfig 
ʹ alternatives ϵͳ

ʹ´ƷĬϣ

  ½default-displaymanager

  Wayland Ựdefault-waylandsession.desktop

  X Ựdefault-xsession.desktop

磬Ҫ default-displaymanager ֵʹã

sudo update-alternatives --display default-displaymanager

Ҫл default-displaymanager  xdmʹã

sudo update-alternatives --set default-displaymanager \
  /usr/lib/X11/displaymanagers/xdm

Ϊ alternatives ͼι棬ʹ YaST ģ Alternatives԰
װ yast2-alternatives

4.4 ʹ GNOME Shell ʹ GDM ʱĻ

 GNOME Shell  GDM ĵ¼ SDDM  LightDM ͬʹʱĻ
ջ֮⣬Ҳ޷ڲ˳¼лû

Ҫ GNOME Shell ʹĻĵ¼ GDM

 1. ȷ gdm Ѱװ

 2.  YaST /etc/sysconfig 

 3. ƶ Desktop ? Display manager ? DISPLAYMANAGER

 4. ıУָ gdmȷб档

 5. ϵͳ

4.5 ڵʹ High-DPI Displays  SDDM UI

KDE Ĭϵ¼SDDMĬϲΪ DPI ʾ UIӵи
DPI ʾĵԣʹļ /etc/sddm.conf  SDDM ΪʾԶ
 UI

[XDisplay]
ServerArguments=-dpi õ DPI
EnableHiDPI=true

 DPI_SETTING 滻Ϊһʵ DPI ֵ 192ҪõŽʹ
Ĭ DPI 96 ı

4.6 и DPI ʾļ YaST UI

YaST ĬϲΪ DPI ʾ UIӵи DPI ʾļ
 YaST ΪʾԶ UIҪôû
QT_AUTO_SCREEN_SCALE_FACTOR=1

4.7  Wayland  Firefox  Chromium ޷Ļ

Firefox  Chromium ͨ Web ĹߣƵӦó򣩹Ļ
Ӧó򴰿ڡ Wayland £ִ֧˹ܡ

Ϊܹ Firefox  Chromium йĻ X

4.8  MP3 ýļ

ڲ MP3 ýļĽɱ׼ֿṩ

ʹ gstreamer ܵĳ Rhythmbox  Totemʹøý밲װ
gstreamer-plugins-ugly 

4.9 LibreOffice ֧ Type-1 

LibreOffice 5.3 °汾ֹ֧ʱ Type-1 壨׺Ϊ .afm Լ .pfb
ļھ󲿷ûһκӰ졣ΪѾ
TrueType.ttfԼ OpenType.otfʽ

˱Ӱ쵽ûͨ Type-1 תֵ֧ĸʽ TrueType
ʹת塣ʹ FontForgefontforge תϣ
ͨűתԲο https://fontforge.github.io/en-US/documentation/
scripting/

4.10 FreeType Ⱦ

FreeType 2.6.4 һµĬ΢汾 38ϵͳӽ
ĳЩϵͳ?ģ?Ҫָǰ FreeType Ϊѡ
μϵͳΧûضض»

FREETYPE_PROPERTIES="truetype:interpreter-version=35"

4.11  KDE Plasma 

Firefox  Chromium/Chrome  Plasma ʹ KDE ϵͳ߼ضý
أͨ KDE Plasma ṩԱǩĿٷʡ

ɹɣҪЭͬ

  沿ֿ԰װ plasma-browser-integration

  ̵ֿаװ

      Firefoxhttps://addons.mozilla.org/firefox/addon/plasma-integration/

      Chromium/Chromehttps://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/
        plasma-integration/cimiefiiaegbelhefglklhhakcgmhkai

ע⣬˹дڿ׶ΣopenSUSE Leap 15.0 ڰ汾

4.12  Emacs psgml ģ

Ϊ Emacs ĬϰװģͻopenSUSE Leap 15.0 ޷Զ psgml ģ
顣˽飬 psgml е README ļ

5 ȫ

г openSUSE Leap 15.0 аȫԵı

5.1 systemctl stop apparmor 

ȥ AppArmor ʱsystemctl зǳƵ reload  restart
ܾ˻

  systemctl reload apparmor ȷ¼ AppArmor ļ
    һֱƼ¼ AppArmor ļķʽ

  systemctl restart apparmor ζ AppArmor ֹͣȻҲͻж
    AppArmor ļȻ¿ʼҲζеǰڵĽ̶ʧȥơ
    ֻĽ̻ٴޡ

źǣsystemd ûĵԪļʽṩԽ restart Ӧó
⡣

 AppArmor 2.12 ʼ systemctl stop apparmor ٹ
systemctl restart apparmor ȷ¼ AppArmor ļ

Ҫж AppArmor ļʹ aa-teardownָ֮ǰ
systemctl stop apparmor Чһ¡

ϸο https://bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=996520  https://
bugzilla.opensuse.org/show_bug.cgi?id=853019

6 Ϣͷ

  Ķװϵ README ĵ

   RPM лȡĳضϸ޶ʷϢ

    rpm --changelog -qp ļ.rpm

     FILENAME 滻Ϊ RPM ơ

  鿴ʶĿ¼е ChangeLog ļðʱеȫʷ

  ڽϵ docu ļлȡϢ

  Ϣµĵ https://doc.opensuse.org/

  ȡ openSUSE ²Ʒţ https://www.opensuse.org

Ȩ ? SUSE LLC

? 2018 SUSE

