locale_facets.tcc

// Locale support -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
// Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this library; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to the Free
// Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307,
// USA.

// As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
// library without restriction.  Specifically, if other files instantiate
// templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
// this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
// file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.  This exception does not however
// invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
// the GNU General Public License.

// Warning: this file is not meant for user inclusion. Use <locale>.

#ifndef _CPP_BITS_LOCFACETS_TCC
#define _CPP_BITS_LOCFACETS_TCC 1

#pragma GCC system_header

#include <cerrno>
#include <clocale>          // For localeconv
#include <cstdlib>          // For strof, strtold
#include <cmath>            // For ceil
#include <cctype>           // For isspace
#include <limits>           // For numeric_limits
#include <typeinfo>         // For bad_cast.
#include <bits/streambuf_iterator.h>

namespace std
{
  template<typename _Facet>
    locale
    locale::combine(const locale& __other) const
    {
      _Impl* __tmp = new _Impl(*_M_impl, 1);
      try
    {
      __tmp->_M_replace_facet(__other._M_impl, &_Facet::id);
    }
      catch(...)
    {
      __tmp->_M_remove_reference();
      __throw_exception_again;
    }
      return locale(__tmp);
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits, typename _Alloc>
    bool
    locale::operator()(const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s1,
                       const basic_string<_CharT, _Traits, _Alloc>& __s2) const
    {
      typedef std::collate<_CharT> __collate_type;
      const __collate_type& __collate = use_facet<__collate_type>(*this);
      return (__collate.compare(__s1.data(), __s1.data() + __s1.length(),
                __s2.data(), __s2.data() + __s2.length()) < 0);
    }

  template<typename _Facet>
    const _Facet&
    use_facet(const locale& __loc)
    {
      size_t __i = _Facet::id._M_id();
      locale::facet** __facets = __loc._M_impl->_M_facets;
      if (!(__i < __loc._M_impl->_M_facets_size && __facets[__i]))
        __throw_bad_cast();
      return static_cast<const _Facet&>(*__facets[__i]);
    }

  template<typename _Facet>
    bool
    has_facet(const locale& __loc) throw()
    {
      size_t __i = _Facet::id._M_id();
      locale::facet** __facets = __loc._M_impl->_M_facets;
      return (__i < __loc._M_impl->_M_facets_size && __facets[__i]);
    }

  // Routine to access a cache for the locale.  If the cache didn't
  // exist before, it gets constructed on the fly.
  template<typename _Facet>
    inline const __locale_cache<_Facet>&
    __use_cache(const locale& __loc)
    {
      size_t __i = _Facet::id._M_id();
      if (__builtin_expect(__i >= __loc._M_impl->_M_facets_size,false))
    __throw_bad_cast();
      __locale_cache_base* __cache = __loc._M_impl->_M_get_cache(__i);
      if (__builtin_expect(!__cache, false))
    {
      __cache = new __locale_cache<_Facet>(__loc);
      __loc._M_impl->_M_install_cache(__cache, __i);
    }
      return static_cast<const __locale_cache<_Facet>&>(*__cache);
    }

  // Stage 1: Determine a conversion specifier.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    _M_extract_float(_InIter __beg, _InIter __end, ios_base& __io,
             ios_base::iostate& __err, string& __xtrc) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);

      // First check for sign.
      const char_type __plus = __ctype.widen('+');
      const char_type __minus = __ctype.widen('-');
      int __pos = 0;
      char_type  __c = *__beg;
      if ((__traits_type::eq(__c, __plus) || __traits_type::eq(__c, __minus))
      && __beg != __end)
    {
      __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
      ++__pos;
      __c = *(++__beg);
    }

      // Next, strip leading zeros.
      const char_type __zero = __ctype.widen(_S_atoms_in[_M_zero]);
      bool __found_zero = false;
      while (__traits_type::eq(__c, __zero) && __beg != __end)
    {
      __c = *(++__beg);
      __found_zero = true;
    }
      if (__found_zero)
    {
      __xtrc += _S_atoms_in[_M_zero];
      ++__pos;
    }

      // Only need acceptable digits for floating point numbers.
      const size_t __len = _M_E - _M_zero + 1;
      char_type  __watoms[__len];
      __ctype.widen(_S_atoms_in, _S_atoms_in + __len, __watoms);
      bool __found_dec = false;
      bool __found_sci = false;
      const char_type __dec = __np.decimal_point();

      string __found_grouping;
      const string __grouping = __np.grouping();
      const bool __check_grouping = __grouping.size();
      if (__check_grouping)
    __found_grouping.reserve(32);
      int __sep_pos = 0;
      const char_type __sep = __np.thousands_sep();

      while (__beg != __end)
        {
      // Only look in digits.
          const char_type* __p = __traits_type::find(__watoms, 10,  __c);
          if (__p)
        {
          // Try first for acceptable digit; record it if found.
          ++__pos;
          __xtrc += _S_atoms_in[__p - __watoms];
          ++__sep_pos;
          __c = *(++__beg);
        }
          else if (__traits_type::eq(__c, __sep) 
           && __check_grouping && !__found_dec)
        {
              // NB: Thousands separator at the beginning of a string
              // is a no-no, as is two consecutive thousands separators.
              if (__sep_pos)
                {
                  __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
                  __sep_pos = 0;
          __c = *(++__beg);
                }
              else
        {
          __err |= ios_base::failbit;
          break;
        }
            }
      else if (__traits_type::eq(__c, __dec) && !__found_dec)
        {
          // According to the standard, if no grouping chars are seen,
          // no grouping check is applied. Therefore __found_grouping
          // must be adjusted only if __dec comes after some __sep.
          if (__found_grouping.size())
        __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
          ++__pos;
          __xtrc += '.';
          __c = *(++__beg);
          __found_dec = true;
        }
      else if ((__traits_type::eq(__c, __watoms[_M_e]) 
            || __traits_type::eq(__c, __watoms[_M_E])) 
           && !__found_sci && __pos)
        {
          // Scientific notation.
          ++__pos;
          __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
          __c = *(++__beg);

          // Remove optional plus or minus sign, if they exist.
          if (__traits_type::eq(__c, __plus) 
          || __traits_type::eq(__c, __minus))
        {
          ++__pos;
          __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
          __c = *(++__beg);
        }
          __found_sci = true;
        }
      else
        // Not a valid input item.
        break;
        }

      // Digit grouping is checked. If grouping and found_grouping don't
      // match, then get very very upset, and set failbit.
      if (__check_grouping && __found_grouping.size())
        {
          // Add the ending grouping if a decimal wasn't found.
      if (!__found_dec)
        __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
          if (!__verify_grouping(__grouping, __found_grouping))
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }

      // Finish up
      if (__beg == __end)
        __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  // Stage 1: Determine a conversion specifier.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    _M_extract_int(_InIter __beg, _InIter __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, string& __xtrc, int& __base) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
 
      // NB: Iff __basefield == 0, this can change based on contents.
      ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __io.flags() & ios_base::basefield;
      if (__basefield == ios_base::oct)
        __base = 8;
      else if (__basefield == ios_base::hex)
        __base = 16;
      else
    __base = 10;

      // First check for sign.
      int __pos = 0;
      char_type  __c = *__beg;
      const char_type __plus = __ctype.widen('+');
      const char_type __minus = __ctype.widen('-');

      if ((__traits_type::eq(__c, __plus) || __traits_type::eq(__c, __minus))
      && __beg != __end)
    {
      __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
      ++__pos;
      __c = *(++__beg);
    }

      // Next, strip leading zeros and check required digits for base formats.
      const char_type __zero = __ctype.widen(_S_atoms_in[_M_zero]);
      const char_type __x = __ctype.widen('x');
      const char_type __X = __ctype.widen('X');
      if (__base == 10)
    {
      bool __found_zero = false;
      while (__traits_type::eq(__c, __zero) && __beg != __end)
        {
          __c = *(++__beg);
          __found_zero = true;
        }
      if (__found_zero)
        {
          __xtrc += _S_atoms_in[_M_zero];
          ++__pos;
          if (__basefield == 0)
        {         
          if ((__traits_type::eq(__c, __x) 
               || __traits_type::eq(__c, __X))
              && __beg != __end)
            {
              __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
              ++__pos;
              __c = *(++__beg);
              __base = 16;
            }
          else 
            __base = 8;
        }
        }
    }
      else if (__base == 16)
    {
      if (__traits_type::eq(__c, __zero) && __beg != __end)
        {
          __xtrc += _S_atoms_in[_M_zero];
          ++__pos;
          __c = *(++__beg); 
          if ((__traits_type::eq(__c, __x) || __traits_type::eq(__c, __X))
          && __beg != __end)
        {
          __xtrc += __ctype.narrow(__c, char());
          ++__pos;
          __c = *(++__beg);
        }
        }
    }

      // At this point, base is determined. If not hex, only allow
      // base digits as valid input.
      size_t __len;
      if (__base == 16)
    __len = _M_size;
      else
    __len = __base;

      // Extract.
      char_type __watoms[_M_size];
      __ctype.widen(_S_atoms_in, _S_atoms_in + __len, __watoms);
      string __found_grouping;
      const string __grouping = __np.grouping();
      const bool __check_grouping = __grouping.size();
      if (__check_grouping)
    __found_grouping.reserve(32);
      int __sep_pos = 0;
      const char_type __sep = __np.thousands_sep();
      while (__beg != __end)
        {
          const char_type* __p = __traits_type::find(__watoms, __len,  __c);
          if (__p)
        {
          // Try first for acceptable digit; record it if found.
          __xtrc += _S_atoms_in[__p - __watoms];
          ++__pos;
          ++__sep_pos;
          __c = *(++__beg);
        }
          else if (__traits_type::eq(__c, __sep) && __check_grouping)
        {
              // NB: Thousands separator at the beginning of a string
              // is a no-no, as is two consecutive thousands separators.
              if (__sep_pos)
                {
                  __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
                  __sep_pos = 0;
          __c = *(++__beg);
                }
              else
        {
          __err |= ios_base::failbit;
          break;
        }
            }
      else
        // Not a valid input item.
        break;
        }

      // Digit grouping is checked. If grouping and found_grouping don't
      // match, then get very very upset, and set failbit.
      if (__check_grouping && __found_grouping.size())
        {
          // Add the ending grouping.
          __found_grouping += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
          if (!__verify_grouping(__grouping, __found_grouping))
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }

      // Finish up.
      __xtrc += char();
      if (__beg == __end)
        __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
  //17.  Bad bool parsing
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, bool& __v) const
    {
      if (!(__io.flags() & ios_base::boolalpha))
        {
      // Parse bool values as unsigned long
          // NB: We can't just call do_get(long) here, as it might
          // refer to a derived class.
          string __xtrc;
          int __base;
          __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);

      unsigned long __ul; 
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __ul, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      if (!(__err & ios_base::failbit) && __ul <= 1)
        __v = __ul;
      else 
            __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }
      else
        {
      // Parse bool values as alphanumeric
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>           __traits_type;
      typedef basic_string<_CharT>      __string_type;

          const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc); 
      const __string_type __true = __np.truename();
      const __string_type __false = __np.falsename();

      bool __testf = true;
      bool __testt = true;
      size_t __n;
          for (__n = 0; __beg != __end; ++__n, ++__beg)
            {
          if (__testf)
        if (__n < __false.size())
          __testf = __traits_type::eq(*__beg, __false[__n]);
        else
          break;

          if (__testt)
        if (__n < __true.size())
          __testt = __traits_type::eq(*__beg, __true[__n]);
        else
          break;

          if (!__testf && !__testt)
        break;
            }
      if (__testf && __n == __false.size())
        __v = 0;
      else if (__testt && __n == __true.size())
        __v = 1;
      else
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;

          if (__beg == __end)
            __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
        }
      return __beg;
    }
#endif

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, long& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, unsigned short& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      unsigned long __ul;
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __ul, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      if (!(__err & ios_base::failbit) 
      && __ul <= numeric_limits<unsigned short>::max())
    __v = static_cast<unsigned short>(__ul);
      else 
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, unsigned int& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      unsigned long __ul;
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __ul, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      if (!(__err & ios_base::failbit) 
      && __ul <= numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max())
    __v = static_cast<unsigned int>(__ul);
      else 
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, unsigned long& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      return __beg;
    }

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_LONG_LONG
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, long long& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, unsigned long long& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      return __beg;
    }
#endif

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io, 
       ios_base::iostate& __err, float& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, double& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, long double& __v) const
    {
      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      __beg = _M_extract_float(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc);
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __v, __err, _S_c_locale);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    num_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
           ios_base::iostate& __err, void*& __v) const
    {
      // Prepare for hex formatted input
      typedef ios_base::fmtflags        fmtflags;
      fmtflags __fmt = __io.flags();
      __io.flags(__fmt & ~ios_base::basefield | ios_base::hex);

      string __xtrc;
      __xtrc.reserve(32);
      int __base;
      __beg = _M_extract_int(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __xtrc, __base);

      // Reset from hex formatted input
      __io.flags(__fmt);

      unsigned long __ul;
      __convert_to_v(__xtrc.c_str(), __ul, __err, _S_c_locale, __base);
      if (!(__err & ios_base::failbit))
    __v = reinterpret_cast<void*>(__ul);
      else 
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  // For use by integer and floating-point types after they have been
  // converted into a char_type string.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    void
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_pad(_CharT __fill, streamsize __w, ios_base& __io, 
       _CharT* __new, const _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
    {
      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 3.
      // If necessary, pad.
      __pad<_CharT, char_traits<_CharT> >::_S_pad(__io, __fill, __new, __cs, 
                          __w, __len, true);
      __len = static_cast<int>(__w);
    }

  // Forwarding functions to peel signed from unsigned integer types.
  template<typename _CharT>
    inline int
    __int_to_char(_CharT* __out, const int __size, long __v,
               const _CharT* __lit, ios_base::fmtflags __flags)
    {
      unsigned long __ul = static_cast<unsigned long>(__v);
      bool __neg = false;
      if (__v < 0) 
    {
      __ul = -__ul;
      __neg = true;
    }
      return __int_to_char(__out, __size, __ul, __lit, __flags, __neg); 
    }

  template<typename _CharT>
    inline int
    __int_to_char(_CharT* __out, const int __size, unsigned long __v,
               const _CharT* __lit, ios_base::fmtflags __flags)
    {
      // About showpos, see Table 60 and C99 7.19.6.1, p6 (+).
      return __int_to_char(__out, __size, __v, __lit,
               __flags & ~ios_base::showpos, false);
    }

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_LONG_LONG
  template<typename _CharT>
    inline int
    __int_to_char(_CharT* __out, const int __size, long long __v,
               const _CharT* __lit, ios_base::fmtflags __flags)
    { 
      unsigned long long __ull = static_cast<unsigned long long>(__v);
      bool __neg = false;
      if (__v < 0) 
    {
      __ull = -__ull;
      __neg = true;
    }
      return __int_to_char(__out, __size, __ull, __lit, __flags, __neg); 
    }

  template<typename _CharT>
    inline int
    __int_to_char(_CharT* __out, const int __size, unsigned long long __v,
               const _CharT* __lit, ios_base::fmtflags __flags)
    { return __int_to_char(__out, __size, __v, __lit,
               __flags & ~ios_base::showpos, false); }
#endif
      
  template<typename _CharT, typename _ValueT>
    int
    __int_to_char(_CharT* __out, const int __size, _ValueT __v,
          const _CharT* __lit, ios_base::fmtflags __flags, bool __neg)
    {
      // Don't write base if already 0.
      const bool __showbase = (__flags & ios_base::showbase) && __v;
      const ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __flags & ios_base::basefield;
      _CharT* __buf = __out + __size - 1;
      _CharT* __bufend = __out + __size;

      if (__builtin_expect(__basefield != ios_base::oct &&
               __basefield != ios_base::hex, true))
    {
      // Decimal.
      do 
        {
          *__buf-- = __lit[(__v % 10) + __num_base::_S_digits];
          __v /= 10;
        } 
      while (__v != 0);
      if (__neg)
        *__buf-- = __lit[__num_base::_S_minus];
      else if (__flags & ios_base::showpos)
        *__buf-- = __lit[__num_base::_S_plus];
    }
      else if (__basefield == ios_base::oct)
    {
      // Octal.
      do 
        {
          *__buf-- = __lit[(__v & 0x7) + __num_base::_S_digits];
          __v >>= 3;
        } 
      while (__v != 0);
      if (__showbase)
        *__buf-- = __lit[__num_base::_S_digits];
    }
      else
    {
      // Hex.
      const bool __uppercase = __flags & ios_base::uppercase;
      int __case_offset = __uppercase
                          ? __num_base::_S_udigits : __num_base::_S_digits;
      do 
        {
          *__buf-- = __lit[(__v & 0xf) + __case_offset];
          __v >>= 4;
        } 
      while (__v != 0);
      if (__showbase)
        {
          // 'x' or 'X'
          *__buf-- = __lit[__num_base::_S_x + __uppercase];
          // '0'
          *__buf-- = __lit[__num_base::_S_digits];
        }
    }
      int __ret = __bufend - __buf - 1;
      return __ret;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    void
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_group_int(const string& __grouping, _CharT __sep, ios_base& __io, 
         _CharT* __new, _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
    {
      // By itself __add_grouping cannot deal correctly with __ws when
      // ios::showbase is set and ios_base::oct || ios_base::hex.
      // Therefore we take care "by hand" of the initial 0, 0x or 0X.
      // However, remember that the latter do not occur if the number
      // printed is '0' (__len == 1).
      streamsize __off = 0;
      const ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __io.flags() 
                                         & ios_base::basefield;
      if ((__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase) && __len > 1)
    if (__basefield == ios_base::oct)
      {
        __off = 1;
        *__new = *__cs;
      }
    else if (__basefield == ios_base::hex)
      {
        __off = 2;
        *__new = *__cs;
        *(__new + 1) = *(__cs + 1);
      }
      _CharT* __p;
      __p = __add_grouping(__new + __off, __sep, 
               __grouping.c_str(),
               __grouping.c_str() + __grouping.size(),
               __cs + __off, __cs + __len);
      __len = __p - __new;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    template<typename _ValueT>
      _OutIter
      num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
      _M_convert_int(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, 
             _ValueT __v) const
      {
    typedef numpunct<_CharT>  __facet_type;
    typedef __locale_cache<numpunct<_CharT> > __cache_type;
    const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
    const __cache_type& __lc = __use_cache<__facet_type>(__loc);
    const _CharT* __lit = __lc._M_atoms_out;

    // Long enough to hold hex, dec, and octal representations.
    int __ilen = 4 * sizeof(_ValueT);
    _CharT* __cs = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                                 * __ilen));
    // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 1, numeric conversion to character.
    // Result is returned right-justified in the buffer.
    int __len;
    __len = __int_to_char(&__cs[0], __ilen, __v, __lit, __io.flags());
    __cs = __cs + __ilen - __len;
    
    // Add grouping, if necessary. 
    _CharT* __cs2;
    if (__lc._M_use_grouping)
      {
        // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the
        // number of digits, but no more.
        __cs2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                              * __len * 2));
        _M_group_int(__lc._M_grouping, __lc._M_thousands_sep, __io, 
             __cs2, __cs, __len);
        __cs = __cs2;
      }
    
    // Pad.
    _CharT* __cs3;
    streamsize __w = __io.width();
    if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
      {
        __cs3 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                              * __w));
        _M_pad(__fill, __w, __io, __cs3, __cs, __len);
        __cs = __cs3;
      }
    __io.width(0);

    // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 4.
    // Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
    return __write(__s, __cs, __len);
      } 

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    void
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_group_float(const string& __grouping, _CharT __sep, const _CharT* __p, 
           _CharT* __new, _CharT* __cs, int& __len) const
    {
#ifdef _GLIBCPP_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      //282. What types does numpunct grouping refer to?
      // Add grouping, if necessary. 
      _CharT* __p2;
      int __declen = __p ? __p - __cs : __len;
      __p2 = __add_grouping(__new, __sep, 
                __grouping.c_str(),
                __grouping.c_str() + __grouping.size(),
                __cs, __cs + __declen);
      
      // Tack on decimal part.
      int __newlen = __p2 - __new;
      if (__p)
    {
      char_traits<_CharT>::copy(__p2, __p, __len - __declen);
      __newlen += __len - __declen;
    }    
      __len = __newlen;
#endif
    }

  // The following code uses snprintf (or sprintf(), when
  // _GLIBCPP_USE_C99 is not defined) to convert floating point values
  // for insertion into a stream.  An optimization would be to replace
  // them with code that works directly on a wide buffer and then use
  // __pad to do the padding.  It would be good to replace them anyway
  // to gain back the efficiency that C++ provides by knowing up front
  // the type of the values to insert.  Also, sprintf is dangerous
  // since may lead to accidental buffer overruns.  This
  // implementation follows the C++ standard fairly directly as
  // outlined in 22.2.2.2 [lib.locale.num.put]
  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    template<typename _ValueT>
      _OutIter
      num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
      _M_convert_float(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, char __mod,
               _ValueT __v) const
      {
    // Use default precision if out of range.
    streamsize __prec = __io.precision();
    if (__prec < static_cast<streamsize>(0))
      __prec = static_cast<streamsize>(6);
    
    const int __max_digits = numeric_limits<_ValueT>::digits10;

    typedef numpunct<_CharT>  __facet_type;
    typedef __locale_cache<numpunct<_CharT> > __cache_type;
    const locale __loc = __io._M_getloc();
    const __cache_type& __lc = __use_cache<__facet_type>(__loc);

    // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 1, numeric conversion to character.
    int __len;
    // Long enough for the max format spec.
    char __fbuf[16];

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_C99
    // First try a buffer perhaps big enough (probably sufficient
    // for non-ios_base::fixed outputs)
    int __cs_size = __max_digits * 3;
    char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));

    _S_format_float(__io, __fbuf, __mod, __prec);
    __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, __fbuf, __v,
                 _S_c_locale, __prec);

    // If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the correct size.
    if (__len >= __cs_size)
      {
        __cs_size = __len + 1; 
        __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
        __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, __fbuf, __v,
                     _S_c_locale, __prec);
      }
#else
    // Consider the possibility of long ios_base::fixed outputs
    const bool __fixed = __io.flags() & ios_base::fixed;
    const int __max_exp = numeric_limits<_ValueT>::max_exponent10;

    // ios_base::fixed outputs may need up to __max_exp + 1 chars
    // for the integer part + __prec chars for the fractional part
    // + 3 chars for sign, decimal point, '\0'. On the other hand,
    // for non-fixed outputs __max_digits * 2 chars + __prec are
    // largely sufficient.
    const int __cs_size = __fixed ? __max_exp + __prec + 4 
                                  : __max_digits * 2 + __prec;
    char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));

    _S_format_float(__io, __fbuf, __mod, __prec);
    __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, 0, __fbuf, __v, _S_c_locale, __prec);
#endif

      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 2, convert to char_type, using correct
      // numpunct.decimal_point() values for '.' and adding grouping.
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);

      _CharT* __ws = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                               * __len));
      __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, __ws);
      
      // Replace decimal point.
      const _CharT __cdec = __ctype.widen('.');
      const _CharT __dec = __lc._M_decimal_point;
      const _CharT* __p;
      if (__p = char_traits<_CharT>::find(__ws, __len, __cdec))
    __ws[__p - __ws] = __dec;

      // Add grouping, if necessary. 
      _CharT* __ws2;
      if (__lc._M_use_grouping)
    {
        // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the
        // number of digits, but no more.
        __ws2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT)
                              * __len * 2));
        _M_group_float(__lc._M_grouping, __lc._M_thousands_sep, __p,
               __ws2, __ws, __len);
        __ws = __ws2;
    }

      // Pad.
      _CharT* __ws3;
      streamsize __w = __io.width();
      if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
    {
      __ws3 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) * __w));
      _M_pad(__fill, __w, __io, __ws3, __ws, __len);
      __ws = __ws3;
    }
      __io.width(0);
      
      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 4.
      // Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
      return __write(__s, __ws, __len);
      }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, bool __v) const
    {
      ios_base::fmtflags __flags = __io.flags();
      if ((__flags & ios_base::boolalpha) == 0)
        {
          const long __l = __v;
          __s = _M_convert_int(__s, __io, __fill, __l);
        }
      else
        {
      typedef numpunct<_CharT>  __facet_type;
      typedef __locale_cache<numpunct<_CharT> > __cache_type;
      const locale __loc = __io._M_getloc();
      const __cache_type& __lc = __use_cache<__facet_type>(__loc);

      typedef basic_string<_CharT>  __string_type;
      __string_type __name;
          if (__v)
        __name = __lc._M_truename;
          else
        __name = __lc._M_falsename;

      const _CharT* __cs = __name.c_str();
      int __len = __name.size();
      _CharT* __cs3;
      streamsize __w = __io.width();
      if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
        {
          __cs3 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                                * __w));
          _M_pad(__fill, __w, __io, __cs3, __cs, __len);
          __cs = __cs3;
        }
      __io.width(0);
      __s = __write(__s, __cs, __len);
    }
      return __s;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, long __v) const
    { return _M_convert_int(__s, __io, __fill, __v); }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
           unsigned long __v) const
    { return _M_convert_int(__s, __io, __fill, __v); }

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_LONG_LONG
  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __b, char_type __fill, long long __v) const
    { return _M_convert_int(__s, __b, __fill, __v); }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
           unsigned long long __v) const
    { return _M_convert_int(__s, __io, __fill, __v); }
#endif

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, double __v) const
    { return _M_convert_float(__s, __io, __fill, char(), __v); }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, 
       long double __v) const
    { return _M_convert_float(__s, __io, __fill, 'L', __v); }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
           const void* __v) const
    {
      ios_base::fmtflags __flags = __io.flags();
      ios_base::fmtflags __fmt = ~(ios_base::showpos | ios_base::basefield
                   | ios_base::uppercase | ios_base::internal);
      __io.flags(__flags & __fmt | (ios_base::hex | ios_base::showbase));
      try 
    {
      __s = _M_convert_int(__s, __io, __fill, 
                   reinterpret_cast<unsigned long>(__v));
      __io.flags(__flags);
    }
      catch (...) 
    {
      __io.flags(__flags);
      __throw_exception_again;
    }
      return __s;
    }


  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, 
       ios_base::iostate& __err, long double& __units) const
    { 
      string_type __str;
      __beg = this->do_get(__beg, __end, __intl, __io, __err, __str); 

      const int __cs_size = __str.size() + 1;
      char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 
      const _CharT* __wcs = __str.c_str();
      __ctype.narrow(__wcs, __wcs + __cs_size, char(), __cs);      
      __convert_to_v(__cs, __units, __err, _S_c_locale);
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    money_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, 
       ios_base::iostate& __err, string_type& __units) const
    { 
      // These contortions are quite unfortunate.
      typedef moneypunct<_CharT, true>      __money_true;
      typedef moneypunct<_CharT, false>     __money_false;
      typedef money_base::part          part;
      typedef typename string_type::size_type   size_type;

      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const __money_true& __mpt = use_facet<__money_true>(__loc); 
      const __money_false& __mpf = use_facet<__money_false>(__loc); 
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 

      const money_base::pattern __p = __intl ? __mpt.neg_format() 
                         : __mpf.neg_format();

      const string_type __pos_sign =__intl ? __mpt.positive_sign() 
                       : __mpf.positive_sign();
      const string_type __neg_sign =__intl ? __mpt.negative_sign() 
                       : __mpf.negative_sign();
      const char_type __d = __intl ? __mpt.decimal_point() 
                           : __mpf.decimal_point();
      const char_type __sep = __intl ? __mpt.thousands_sep() 
                         : __mpf.thousands_sep();

      const string __grouping = __intl ? __mpt.grouping() : __mpf.grouping();

      // Set to deduced positive or negative sign, depending.
      string_type __sign;
      // String of grouping info from thousands_sep plucked from __units.
      string __grouping_tmp; 
      // Marker for thousands_sep position.
      int __sep_pos = 0;
      // If input iterator is in a valid state.
      bool __testvalid = true;
      // Flag marking when a decimal point is found.
      bool __testdecfound = false; 

      // The tentative returned string is stored here.
      string_type __temp_units;
      __temp_units.reserve(20);

      char_type __c = *__beg;
      char_type __eof = static_cast<char_type>(char_traits<char_type>::eof());
      for (int __i = 0; __beg != __end && __i < 4 && __testvalid; ++__i)
    {
      part __which = static_cast<part>(__p.field[__i]);
      switch (__which)
        {
        case money_base::symbol:
          if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase 
              || __i < 2 || __sign.size() > 1
              || ((static_cast<part>(__p.field[3]) != money_base::none)
              && __i == 2)) 
            {
              // According to 22.2.6.1.2.2, symbol is required
              // if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase),
              // otherwise is optional and consumed only if
              // other characters are needed to complete the
              // format.
              const string_type __symbol = __intl ? __mpt.curr_symbol()
                                 : __mpf.curr_symbol();
              size_type __len = __symbol.size();
              size_type __j = 0;
              while (__beg != __end 
                 && __j < __len && __symbol[__j] == __c)
            {
              __c = *(++__beg);
              ++__j;
            }
              // When (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase)
              // symbol is required.
              if (__j != __len && (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase))
            __testvalid = false;
            }
          break;
        case money_base::sign:          
          // Sign might not exist, or be more than one character long.
          if (__pos_sign.size() && __c == __pos_sign[0])
            {
              __sign = __pos_sign;
              __c = *(++__beg);
            }
          else if (__neg_sign.size() && __c == __neg_sign[0])
            {
              __sign = __neg_sign;
              __c = *(++__beg);
            }         
          else if (__pos_sign.size() && __neg_sign.size())
            {
              // Sign is mandatory.
              __testvalid = false;
            }
          break;
        case money_base::value:
          // Extract digits, remove and stash away the
          // grouping of found thousands separators.
          while (__beg != __end 
             && (__ctype.is(ctype_base::digit, __c) 
                 || (__c == __d && !__testdecfound)
                 || __c == __sep))
            {
              if (__c == __d)
            {
              __grouping_tmp += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
              __sep_pos = 0;
              __testdecfound = true;
            }
              else if (__c == __sep)
            {
              if (__grouping.size())
                {
                  // Mark position for later analysis.
                  __grouping_tmp += static_cast<char>(__sep_pos);
                  __sep_pos = 0;
                }
              else
                {
                  __testvalid = false;
                  break;
                }
            }
              else
            {
              __temp_units += __c;
              ++__sep_pos;
            }
              __c = *(++__beg);
            }
          break;
        case money_base::space:
        case money_base::none:
          // Only if not at the end of the pattern.
          if (__i != 3)
            while (__beg != __end 
               && __ctype.is(ctype_base::space, __c))
              __c = *(++__beg);
          break;
        }
    }

      // Need to get the rest of the sign characters, if they exist.
      if (__sign.size() > 1)
    {
      size_type __len = __sign.size();
      size_type __i = 1;
      for (; __c != __eof && __i < __len; ++__i)
        while (__beg != __end && __c != __sign[__i])
          __c = *(++__beg);
      
      if (__i != __len)
        __testvalid = false;
    }

      // Strip leading zeros.
      while (__temp_units.size() > 1 && __temp_units[0] == __ctype.widen('0'))
    __temp_units.erase(__temp_units.begin());

      if (__sign.size() && __sign == __neg_sign)
    __temp_units.insert(__temp_units.begin(), __ctype.widen('-'));

      // Test for grouping fidelity.
      if (__grouping.size() && __grouping_tmp.size())
    {
      if (!__verify_grouping(__grouping, __grouping_tmp))
        __testvalid = false;
    }

      // Iff no more characters are available.      
      if (__c == __eof)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;

      // Iff valid sequence is not recognized.
      if (!__testvalid || !__temp_units.size())
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
      else
    // Use the "swap trick" to copy __temp_units into __units.
    __temp_units.swap(__units);

      return __beg; 
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
       long double __units) const
    { 
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_C99
      // First try a buffer perhaps big enough.
      int __cs_size = 64;
      char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
      // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
      // 328. Bad sprintf format modifier in money_put<>::do_put()
      int __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, "%.0Lf", __units, 
                   _S_c_locale);
      // If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the correct size.
      if (__len >= __cs_size)
    {
      __cs_size = __len + 1;
      __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
      __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, "%.0Lf", __units, 
                   _S_c_locale);
    }
#else
      // max_exponent10 + 1 for the integer part, + 2 for sign and '\0'.
      const int __cs_size = numeric_limits<long double>::max_exponent10 + 3;
      char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
      int __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, 0, "%.0Lf", __units, _S_c_locale);
#endif
      _CharT* __ws = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                               * __cs_size));
      __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, __ws);
      const string_type __digits(__ws, __len);
      return this->do_put(__s, __intl, __io, __fill, __digits); 
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    money_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, bool __intl, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill,
       const string_type& __digits) const
    { 
      typedef typename string_type::size_type   size_type;
      typedef money_base::part          part;

      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const size_type __width = static_cast<size_type>(__io.width());

      // These contortions are quite unfortunate.
      typedef moneypunct<_CharT, true> __money_true;
      typedef moneypunct<_CharT, false> __money_false;
      const __money_true& __mpt = use_facet<__money_true>(__loc); 
      const __money_false& __mpf = use_facet<__money_false>(__loc); 
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 

      // Determine if negative or positive formats are to be used, and
      // discard leading negative_sign if it is present.
      const char_type* __beg = __digits.data();
      const char_type* __end = __beg + __digits.size();
      money_base::pattern __p;
      string_type __sign;
      if (*__beg != __ctype.widen('-'))
    {
      __p = __intl ? __mpt.pos_format() : __mpf.pos_format();
      __sign =__intl ? __mpt.positive_sign() : __mpf.positive_sign();
    }
      else
    {
      __p = __intl ? __mpt.neg_format() : __mpf.neg_format();
      __sign =__intl ? __mpt.negative_sign() : __mpf.negative_sign();
      ++__beg;
    }
      
      // Look for valid numbers in the current ctype facet within input digits.
      __end = __ctype.scan_not(ctype_base::digit, __beg, __end);
      if (__beg != __end)
    {
      // Assume valid input, and attempt to format.
      // Break down input numbers into base components, as follows:
      //   final_value = grouped units + (decimal point) + (digits)
      string_type __value;
      __value.reserve(20);

      const int __frac = __intl ? __mpt.frac_digits() 
                        : __mpf.frac_digits();

      // Add thousands separators to non-decimal digits, per
      // grouping rules.
      const int __paddec = __frac - (__end - __beg);
      if (__paddec < 0)
        {
          const string __grouping = __intl ? __mpt.grouping() 
                           : __mpf.grouping();
          if (__grouping.size())
        {
          const char_type __sep = __intl ? __mpt.thousands_sep() 
                                 : __mpf.thousands_sep();
          const char* __gbeg = __grouping.data();
          const char* __gend = __gbeg + __grouping.size();
          const int __n = (__end - __beg) * 2;
          _CharT* __ws2 =
                  static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) * __n));
          _CharT* __ws_end = __add_grouping(__ws2, __sep, __gbeg, 
                            __gend, __beg,
                            __end - __frac);
          __value.assign(__ws2, __ws_end - __ws2);
        }
          else
        __value.assign(__beg, -__paddec);
        }

      // Deal with decimal point, decimal digits.
      if (__frac > 0)
        {
          const char_type __d = __intl ? __mpt.decimal_point() 
                       : __mpf.decimal_point();
          __value += __d;
          if (__paddec <= 0)
        __value.append(__end - __frac, __frac);
          else
        {
          // Have to pad zeros in the decimal position.
          const char_type __zero = __ctype.widen('0');
          __value.append(__paddec, __zero);
          __value.append(__beg, __end - __beg);
        }
        }

      const string_type __symbol = __intl ? __mpt.curr_symbol() 
                              : __mpf.curr_symbol();

      // Calculate length of resulting string.
      ios_base::fmtflags __f = __io.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield;
      size_type __len = __value.size() + __sign.size();
      __len += (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase) ? __symbol.size() : 0;

      string_type __res;
      __res.reserve(__len);

      bool __testipad = __f == ios_base::internal && __len < __width;

      // Fit formatted digits into the required pattern.
      for (int __i = 0; __i < 4; ++__i)
        {
          part __which = static_cast<part>(__p.field[__i]);
          switch (__which)
        {
        case money_base::symbol:
          if (__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase)
            __res += __symbol;
          break;
        case money_base::sign:          
          // Sign might not exist, or be more than one
          // charater long. In that case, add in the rest
          // below.
          if (__sign.size())
            __res += __sign[0];
          break;
        case money_base::value:
          __res += __value;
          break;
        case money_base::space:
          // At least one space is required, but if internal
          // formatting is required, an arbitrary number of
          // fill spaces will be necessary.
          if (__testipad)
            __res += string_type(__width - __len, __fill);
          else
            __res += __ctype.widen(__fill);
          break;
        case money_base::none:
          if (__testipad)
            __res += string_type(__width - __len, __fill);
          break;
        }
        }

      // Special case of multi-part sign parts.
      if (__sign.size() > 1)
        __res += string_type(__sign.begin() + 1, __sign.end());

      // Pad, if still necessary.
      __len = __res.size();
      if (__width > __len)
        {
          if (__f == ios_base::left)
        // After.
        __res.append(__width - __len, __fill);
          else
        // Before.
        __res.insert(0, string_type(__width - __len, __fill));
          __len = __width;
        }

      // Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
      __s = __write(__s, __res.data(), __len);
    }
      __io.width(0);
      return __s; 
    }


  // NB: Not especially useful. Without an ios_base object or some
  // kind of locale reference, we are left clawing at the air where
  // the side of the mountain used to be...
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    time_base::dateorder
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::do_date_order() const
    { return time_base::no_order; }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    void
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    _M_extract_via_format(iter_type& __beg, iter_type& __end, ios_base& __io,
              ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm, 
              const _CharT* __format) const
    {  
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      __timepunct<_CharT> const& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 
      size_t __len = char_traits<_CharT>::length(__format);

      for (size_t __i = 0; __beg != __end && __i < __len && !__err; ++__i)
    {
      if (__ctype.narrow(__format[__i], 0) == '%')
        {
          // Verify valid formatting code, attempt to extract.
          char __c = __ctype.narrow(__format[++__i], 0);
          int __mem = 0;
          if (__c == 'E' || __c == 'O')
        __c = __ctype.narrow(__format[++__i], 0);
          switch (__c)
        {
          const char* __cs;
          _CharT __wcs[10];
        case 'a':
          // Abbreviated weekday name [tm_wday]
          const char_type*  __days1[7];
          __tp._M_days_abbreviated(__days1);
          _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_wday, __days1, 7, 
                  __err);
          break;
        case 'A':
          // Weekday name [tm_wday].
          const char_type*  __days2[7];
          __tp._M_days(__days2);
          _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_wday, __days2, 7, 
                  __err);
          break;
        case 'h':
        case 'b':
          // Abbreviated month name [tm_mon]
          const char_type*  __months1[12];
          __tp._M_months_abbreviated(__months1);
          _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mon, __months1, 12, 
                  __err);
          break;
        case 'B':
          // Month name [tm_mon].
          const char_type*  __months2[12];
          __tp._M_months(__months2);
          _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mon, __months2, 12, 
                  __err);
          break;
        case 'c':
          // Default time and date representation.
          const char_type*  __dt[2];
          __tp._M_date_time_formats(__dt);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __dt[0]);
          break;
        case 'd':
          // Day [01, 31]. [tm_mday]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 1, 31, 2, 
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'e':
          // Day [1, 31], with single digits preceded by
          // space. [tm_mday]
          if (__ctype.is(ctype_base::space, *__beg))
            _M_extract_num(++__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 1, 9,
                   1, __ctype, __err);
          else
            _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_mday, 10, 31,
                   2, __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'D':
          // Equivalent to %m/%d/%y.[tm_mon, tm_mday, tm_year]
          __cs = "%m/%d/%y";
          __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 9, __wcs);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __wcs);
          break;
        case 'H':
          // Hour [00, 23]. [tm_hour]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_hour, 0, 23, 2,
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'I':
          // Hour [01, 12]. [tm_hour]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_hour, 1, 12, 2, 
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'm':
          // Month [01, 12]. [tm_mon]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __mem, 1, 12, 2, __ctype, 
                 __err);
          if (!__err)
            __tm->tm_mon = __mem - 1;
          break;
        case 'M':
          // Minute [00, 59]. [tm_min]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_min, 0, 59, 2,
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'n':
          if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) == '\n')
            ++__beg;
          else
            __err |= ios_base::failbit;
          break;
        case 'R':
          // Equivalent to (%H:%M).
          __cs = "%H:%M";
          __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 6, __wcs);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __wcs);
          break;
        case 'S':
          // Seconds. [tm_sec]
          // [00, 60] in C99 (one leap-second), [00, 61] in C89.
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_C99
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_sec, 0, 60, 2,
#else
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_sec, 0, 61, 2,
#endif
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 't':
          if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) == '\t')
            ++__beg;
          else
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;
          break;
        case 'T':
          // Equivalent to (%H:%M:%S).
          __cs = "%H:%M:%S";
          __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + 9, __wcs);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __wcs);
          break;
        case 'x':
          // Locale's date.
          const char_type*  __dates[2];
          __tp._M_date_formats(__dates);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __dates[0]);
          break;
        case 'X':
          // Locale's time.
          const char_type*  __times[2];
          __tp._M_time_formats(__times);
          _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, 
                    __times[0]);
          break;
        case 'y':
          // Two digit year. [tm_year]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tm->tm_year, 0, 99, 2, 
                 __ctype, __err);
          break;
        case 'Y':
          // Year [1900). [tm_year]
          _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __mem, 0, 9999, 4, 
                 __ctype, __err);
          if (!__err)
            __tm->tm_year = __mem - 1900;
          break;
        case 'Z':
          // Timezone info.
          if (__ctype.is(ctype_base::upper, *__beg))
            {
              int __tmp;
              _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tmp, 
                      __timepunct<_CharT>::_S_timezones, 
                      14, __err);
              
              // GMT requires special effort.
              char_type __c = *__beg;
              if (!__err && __tmp == 0 
              && (__c == __ctype.widen('-') 
                  || __c == __ctype.widen('+')))
            {
              _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tmp, 0, 23, 2,
                      __ctype, __err);
              _M_extract_num(__beg, __end, __tmp, 0, 59, 2,
                      __ctype, __err);
            }       
              }
              else
            __err |= ios_base::failbit;
              break;
            default:
              // Not recognized.
              __err |= ios_base::failbit;
            }
        }
          else
        {
          // Verify format and input match, extract and discard.
          if (__format[__i] == *__beg)
            ++__beg;
          else
            __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }
    }
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    void
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    _M_extract_num(iter_type& __beg, iter_type& __end, int& __member,
           int __min, int __max, size_t __len, 
           const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype, 
           ios_base::iostate& __err) const
    {
      // As-is works for __len = 1, 2, 4, the values actually used.
      int __mult = __len == 2 ? 10 : (__len == 4 ? 1000 : 1);

      ++__min;
      size_t __i = 0;
      int __value = 0;
      for (; __beg != __end && __i < __len; ++__beg, ++__i)
    {
      const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, '*');
      if (__c >= '0' && __c <= '9')
        {
          __value = __value * 10 + (__c - '0');
          const int __valuec = __value * __mult;
          if (__valuec > __max || __valuec + __mult < __min)
        break;
          __mult /= 10;
        }
      else
        break;
    }
      if (__i == __len)
    __member = __value;
      else
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
    }

  // Assumptions:
  // All elements in __names are unique.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    void
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    _M_extract_name(iter_type& __beg, iter_type& __end, int& __member,
            const _CharT** __names, size_t __indexlen, 
            ios_base::iostate& __err) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      int* __matches = static_cast<int*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(int) 
                              * __indexlen));
      size_t __nmatches = 0;
      size_t __pos = 0;
      bool __testvalid = true;
      const char_type* __name;

      char_type __c = *__beg;
      // Look for initial matches.
      for (size_t __i1 = 0; __i1 < __indexlen; ++__i1)
    if (__c == __names[__i1][0])
      __matches[__nmatches++] = __i1;
      
      while (__nmatches > 1)
    {
      // Find smallest matching string.
      size_t __minlen = 10;
      for (size_t __i2 = 0; __i2 < __nmatches; ++__i2)
        __minlen = min(__minlen,
               __traits_type::length(__names[__matches[__i2]]));
      
      if (__pos < __minlen && __beg != __end)
        {
          ++__pos;
          __c = *(++__beg);
          for (size_t __i3 = 0; __i3 < __nmatches; ++__i3)
        {
          __name = __names[__matches[__i3]];
          if (__name[__pos] != __c)
            __matches[__i3] = __matches[--__nmatches];
        }
        }
      else
        break;
    }

      if (__nmatches == 1)
    {
      // Make sure found name is completely extracted.
      __name = __names[__matches[0]];
      const size_t __len = __traits_type::length(__name);
      while (__pos < __len && __beg != __end && __name[__pos] == *__beg)
        ++__beg, ++__pos;

      if (__len == __pos)
        __member = __matches[0];
      else
        __testvalid = false;
    }
      else
    __testvalid = false;
      if (!__testvalid)
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get_time(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
        ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
    {
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const char_type*  __times[2];
      __tp._M_time_formats(__times);
      _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, __times[0]);
      if (__beg == __end)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get_date(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io,
        ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
    {
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const __timepunct<_CharT>& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const char_type*  __dates[2];
      __tp._M_date_formats(__dates);
      _M_extract_via_format(__beg, __end, __io, __err, __tm, __dates[0]);
      if (__beg == __end)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get_weekday(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io, 
           ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      __timepunct<_CharT> const& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const char_type*  __days[7];
      __tp._M_days_abbreviated(__days);
      int __tmpwday;
      _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tmpwday, __days, 7, __err);

      // Check to see if non-abbreviated name exists, and extract.
      // NB: Assumes both _M_days and _M_days_abbreviated organized in
      // exact same order, first to last, such that the resulting
      // __days array with the same index points to a day, and that
      // day's abbreviated form.
      // NB: Also assumes that an abbreviated name is a subset of the name. 
      if (!__err)
    {
      size_t __pos = __traits_type::length(__days[__tmpwday]);
      __tp._M_days(__days);
      const char_type* __name = __days[__tmpwday];
      if (__name[__pos] == *__beg)
        {
          // Extract the rest of it.
          const size_t __len = __traits_type::length(__name);
          while (__pos < __len && __beg != __end 
             && __name[__pos] == *__beg)
        ++__beg, ++__pos;
          if (__len != __pos)
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }
      if (!__err)
        __tm->tm_wday = __tmpwday;
    }
      if (__beg == __end)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
     }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get_monthname(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end,
                     ios_base& __io, ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      __timepunct<_CharT> const& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const char_type*  __months[12];
      __tp._M_months_abbreviated(__months);
      int __tmpmon;
      _M_extract_name(__beg, __end, __tmpmon, __months, 12, __err);

      // Check to see if non-abbreviated name exists, and extract.
      // NB: Assumes both _M_months and _M_months_abbreviated organized in
      // exact same order, first to last, such that the resulting
      // __months array with the same index points to a month, and that
      // month's abbreviated form.
      // NB: Also assumes that an abbreviated name is a subset of the name. 
      if (!__err)
    {
      size_t __pos = __traits_type::length(__months[__tmpmon]);
      __tp._M_months(__months);
      const char_type* __name = __months[__tmpmon];
      if (__name[__pos] == *__beg)
        {
          // Extract the rest of it.
          const size_t __len = __traits_type::length(__name);
          while (__pos < __len && __beg != __end 
             && __name[__pos] == *__beg)
        ++__beg, ++__pos;
          if (__len != __pos)
        __err |= ios_base::failbit;
        }
      if (!__err)
        __tm->tm_mon = __tmpmon;
    }
 
      if (__beg == __end)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _InIter>
    _InIter
    time_get<_CharT, _InIter>::
    do_get_year(iter_type __beg, iter_type __end, ios_base& __io, 
        ios_base::iostate& __err, tm* __tm) const
    {
      const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 

      size_t __i = 0;
      int __value = 0;
      for (; __beg != __end && __i < 4; ++__beg, ++__i)
    {
      const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, '*');
      if (__c >= '0' && __c <= '9')
        __value = __value * 10 + (__c - '0');
      else
        break;
    }
      if (__i == 2 || __i == 4)
    __tm->tm_year = __i == 2 ? __value : __value - 1900;
      else
    __err |= ios_base::failbit;
      if (__beg == __end)
    __err |= ios_base::eofbit;
      return __beg;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    time_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type __fill, const tm* __tm, 
    const _CharT* __beg, const _CharT* __end) const
    {
      const locale& __loc = __io._M_getloc();
      ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      for (; __beg != __end; ++__beg)
    if (__ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0) != '%')
      {
        *__s = *__beg;
        ++__s;
      }
    else if (++__beg != __end)
      {
        char __format;
        char __mod = 0;
        const char __c = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0);
        if (__c != 'E' && __c != 'O')
          __format = __c;
        else if (++__beg != __end)
          {
        __mod = __c;
        __format = __ctype.narrow(*__beg, 0);
          }
        else
          break;
        __s = this->do_put(__s, __io, __fill, __tm, __format, __mod);
      }
    else
      break;
      return __s;
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    time_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    do_put(iter_type __s, ios_base& __io, char_type, const tm* __tm, 
       char __format, char __mod) const
    { 
      locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      ctype<_CharT> const& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      __timepunct<_CharT> const& __tp = use_facet<__timepunct<_CharT> >(__loc);

      // NB: This size is arbitrary. Should this be a data member,
      // initialized at construction?
      const size_t __maxlen = 128;
      char_type* __res =
    static_cast<char_type*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(char_type) * __maxlen));

      // NB: In IEE 1003.1-200x, and perhaps other locale models, it
      // is possible that the format character will be longer than one
      // character. Possibilities include 'E' or 'O' followed by a
      // format character: if __mod is not the default argument, assume
      // it's a valid modifier.
      char_type __fmt[4];
      __fmt[0] = __ctype.widen('%'); 
      if (!__mod)
    {
      __fmt[1] = __format;
      __fmt[2] = char_type();
    }
      else
    {
      __fmt[1] = __mod;
      __fmt[2] = __format;
      __fmt[3] = char_type();
    }

      __tp._M_put(__res, __maxlen, __fmt, __tm);

      // Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
      return __write(__s, __res, char_traits<char_type>::length(__res));
    }

  // Generic version does nothing.
  template<typename _CharT>
    int
    collate<_CharT>::_M_compare(const _CharT*, const _CharT*) const
    { return 0; }

  // Generic version does nothing.
  template<typename _CharT>
    size_t
    collate<_CharT>::_M_transform(_CharT*, const _CharT*, size_t) const
    { return 0; }

  template<typename _CharT>
    int
    collate<_CharT>::
    do_compare(const _CharT* __lo1, const _CharT* __hi1, 
           const _CharT* __lo2, const _CharT* __hi2) const
    { 
      // strcoll assumes zero-terminated strings so we make a copy
      // and then put a zero at the end.
      const string_type __one(__lo1, __hi1);
      const string_type __two(__lo2, __hi2);

      const _CharT* __p = __one.c_str();
      const _CharT* __pend = __one.c_str() + __one.length();
      const _CharT* __q = __two.c_str();
      const _CharT* __qend = __two.c_str() + __two.length();

      // strcoll stops when it sees a nul character so we break
      // the strings into zero-terminated substrings and pass those
      // to strcoll.
      for (;;)
    {
      int __res = _M_compare(__p, __q);
      if (__res)
        return __res;

      __p += char_traits<_CharT>::length(__p);
      __q += char_traits<_CharT>::length(__q);
      if (__p == __pend && __q == __qend)
        return 0;
      else if (__p == __pend)
        return -1;
      else if (__q == __qend)
        return 1;

      __p++;
      __q++;
    }
    }

 template<typename _CharT>
    typename collate<_CharT>::string_type
    collate<_CharT>::
    do_transform(const _CharT* __lo, const _CharT* __hi) const
    {
      // strxfrm assumes zero-terminated strings so we make a copy
      string_type __str(__lo, __hi);

      const _CharT* __p = __str.c_str();
      const _CharT* __pend = __str.c_str() + __str.length();

      size_t __len = (__hi - __lo) * 2;

      string_type __ret;

      // strxfrm stops when it sees a nul character so we break
      // the string into zero-terminated substrings and pass those
      // to strxfrm.
      for (;;)
    {
      // First try a buffer perhaps big enough.
      _CharT* __c =
        static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) * __len));
      size_t __res = _M_transform(__c, __p, __len);
      // If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the
      // correct size.
      if (__res >= __len)
        {
          __len = __res + 1;
          __c = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                              * __len));
          __res = _M_transform(__c, __p, __res + 1);
        }

      __ret.append(__c, __res);
      __p += char_traits<_CharT>::length(__p);
      if (__p == __pend)
        return __ret;

      __p++;
      __ret.push_back(_CharT());
    }
    }

 template<typename _CharT>
    long
    collate<_CharT>::
    do_hash(const _CharT* __lo, const _CharT* __hi) const
    { 
      unsigned long __val = 0;
      for (; __lo < __hi; ++__lo)
    __val = *__lo + ((__val << 7) | 
               (__val >> (numeric_limits<unsigned long>::digits - 7)));
      return static_cast<long>(__val);
    }

  // Construct correctly padded string, as per 22.2.2.2.2
  // Assumes 
  // __newlen > __oldlen
  // __news is allocated for __newlen size
  // Used by both num_put and ostream inserters: if __num,
  // internal-adjusted objects are padded according to the rules below
  // concerning 0[xX] and +-, otherwise, exactly as right-adjusted
  // ones are.

  // NB: Of the two parameters, _CharT can be deduced from the
  // function arguments. The other (_Traits) has to be explicitly specified.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _Traits>
    void 
    __pad<_CharT, _Traits>::_S_pad(ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, 
                   _CharT* __news, const _CharT* __olds, 
                   const streamsize __newlen, 
                   const streamsize __oldlen, const bool __num)
    {
      const size_t __plen = static_cast<size_t>(__newlen - __oldlen);
      const ios_base::fmtflags __adjust = __io.flags() & ios_base::adjustfield;

      // Padding last.
      if (__adjust == ios_base::left)
    {
      _Traits::copy(__news, const_cast<_CharT*>(__olds), __oldlen);
      _Traits::assign(__news + __oldlen, __plen, __fill);
      return;
    }

      size_t __mod = 0;
      if (__adjust == ios_base::internal && __num)
    {
      // Pad after the sign, if there is one.
      // Pad after 0[xX], if there is one.
      // Who came up with these rules, anyway? Jeeze.
          const locale& __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc); 
      const _CharT __minus = __ctype.widen('-');
      const _CharT __plus = __ctype.widen('+');
      const bool __testsign = _Traits::eq(__olds[0], __minus)
                              || _Traits::eq(__olds[0], __plus);

      const bool __testhex = (_Traits::eq(__ctype.widen('0'), __olds[0])
                  && __oldlen > 1
                  && (_Traits::eq(__ctype.widen('x'), __olds[1])
                      || _Traits::eq(__ctype.widen('X'),
                             __olds[1])));
      if (__testhex)
        {
          __news[0] = __olds[0]; 
          __news[1] = __olds[1];
          __mod = 2;
          __news += 2;
        }
      else if (__testsign)
        {
          __news[0] = __olds[0];
          __mod = 1;
          ++__news;
        }
      // else Padding first.
    }
      _Traits::assign(__news, __plen, __fill);
      _Traits::copy(__news + __plen, const_cast<_CharT*>(__olds + __mod),
            __oldlen - __mod);
    }

  template<typename _CharT>
    bool
    __verify_grouping(const basic_string<_CharT>& __grouping, 
              basic_string<_CharT>& __grouping_tmp)
    { 
      const size_t __n = __grouping_tmp.size() - 1;
      const size_t __min = std::min(__n, __grouping.size() - 1);
      size_t __i = __n;
      bool __test = true;

      // Parsed number groupings have to match the
      // numpunct::grouping string exactly, starting at the
      // right-most point of the parsed sequence of elements ...
      for (size_t __j = 0; __j < __min && __test; --__i, ++__j)
    __test = __grouping_tmp[__i] == __grouping[__j];
      for (; __i && __test; --__i)
    __test = __grouping_tmp[__i] == __grouping[__min];
      // ... but the last parsed grouping can be <= numpunct
      // grouping.
      __test &= __grouping_tmp[0] <= __grouping[__min];
      return __test;
    }

  template<typename _CharT>
    _CharT*
    __add_grouping(_CharT* __s, _CharT __sep,  
           const char* __gbeg, const char* __gend, 
           const _CharT* __first, const _CharT* __last)
    {
      if (__last - __first > *__gbeg)
        {
          __s = __add_grouping(__s,  __sep, 
                   (__gbeg + 1 == __gend ? __gbeg : __gbeg + 1),
                   __gend, __first, __last - *__gbeg);
          __first = __last - *__gbeg;
          *__s++ = __sep;
        }
      do
    *__s++ = *__first++;
      while (__first != __last);
      return __s;
    }

#if 1
      // XXX GLIBCXX_ABI Deprecated, compatibility only.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    template<typename _ValueT>
      _OutIter
      num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
      _M_convert_int(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, char __mod,
             char __modl, _ValueT __v) const
      {
    // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 1, numeric conversion to character.

    // Long enough for the max format spec.
    char __fbuf[16];
    _S_format_int(__io, __fbuf, __mod, __modl);
#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_C99
    // First try a buffer perhaps big enough.
    int __cs_size = 64;
    char* __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
    int __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, __fbuf, __v, 
                     _S_c_locale);
    // If the buffer was not large enough, try again with the correct size.
    if (__len >= __cs_size)
      {
        __cs_size = __len + 1;
        __cs = static_cast<char*>(__builtin_alloca(__cs_size));
        __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, __cs_size, __fbuf, __v, 
                     _S_c_locale);
      }
#else
    // Leave room for "+/-," "0x," and commas. This size is
    // arbitrary, but should be largely sufficient.
    char __cs[128];
    int __len = __convert_from_v(__cs, 0, __fbuf, __v, _S_c_locale);
#endif
    return _M_widen_int(__s, __io, __fill, __cs, __len);
      }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_widen_float(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, char* __cs, 
           int __len) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 2, convert to char_type, using correct
      // numpunct.decimal_point() values for '.' and adding grouping.
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      _CharT* __ws = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                               * __len));
      // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the number of
      // digits, but no more.
      _CharT* __ws2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                                * __len * 2));
      __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, __ws);
      
      // Replace decimal point.
      const _CharT* __p;
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      if (__p = __traits_type::find(__ws, __len, __ctype.widen('.')))
    __ws[__p - __ws] = __np.decimal_point();

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
//282. What types does numpunct grouping refer to?
      // Add grouping, if necessary. 
      const string __grouping = __np.grouping();
      if (__grouping.size())
    {
      _CharT* __p2;
      int __declen = __p ? __p - __ws : __len;
      __p2 = __add_grouping(__ws2, __np.thousands_sep(), 
                __grouping.c_str(),
                __grouping.c_str() + __grouping.size(),
                __ws, __ws + __declen);
      int __newlen = __p2 - __ws2;
    
      // Tack on decimal part.
      if (__p)
        {
          __traits_type::copy(__p2, __p, __len - __declen);
          __newlen += __len - __declen;
        }    

      // Switch strings, establish correct new length.
      __ws = __ws2;
      __len = __newlen;
    }
#endif
      return _M_insert(__s, __io, __fill, __ws, __len);
    }

  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_widen_int(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, char* __cs, 
         int __len) const
    {
      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 2, convert to char_type, using correct
      // numpunct.decimal_point() values for '.' and adding grouping.
      const locale __loc = __io.getloc();
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ctype = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      _CharT* __ws = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                               * __len));
      // Grouping can add (almost) as many separators as the number of
      // digits, but no more.
      _CharT* __ws2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                                * __len * 2));
      __ctype.widen(__cs, __cs + __len, __ws);

      // Add grouping, if necessary. 
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      const string __grouping = __np.grouping();
      if (__grouping.size())
    {
      // By itself __add_grouping cannot deal correctly with __ws when
      // ios::showbase is set and ios_base::oct || ios_base::hex.
      // Therefore we take care "by hand" of the initial 0, 0x or 0X.
      // However, remember that the latter do not occur if the number
      // printed is '0' (__len == 1).
      streamsize __off = 0;
      const ios_base::fmtflags __basefield = __io.flags() 
                             & ios_base::basefield;
      if ((__io.flags() & ios_base::showbase) && __len > 1)
        if (__basefield == ios_base::oct)
          {
        __off = 1;
        *__ws2 = *__ws;
          }
        else if (__basefield == ios_base::hex)
          {
        __off = 2;
        *__ws2 = *__ws;
        *(__ws2 + 1) = *(__ws + 1);
          }
      _CharT* __p;
      __p = __add_grouping(__ws2 + __off, __np.thousands_sep(), 
                   __grouping.c_str(),
                   __grouping.c_str() + __grouping.size(),
                   __ws + __off, __ws + __len);
      __len = __p - __ws2;
      // Switch strings.
      __ws = __ws2;
    }
      return _M_insert(__s, __io, __fill, __ws, __len);
    }

  // For use by integer and floating-point types after they have been
  // converted into a char_type string.
  template<typename _CharT, typename _OutIter>
    _OutIter
    num_put<_CharT, _OutIter>::
    _M_insert(_OutIter __s, ios_base& __io, _CharT __fill, const _CharT* __ws, 
          int __len) const
    {
      typedef char_traits<_CharT>       __traits_type;
      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 3.
      // If necessary, pad.
      streamsize __w = __io.width();
      _CharT* __ws2 = static_cast<_CharT*>(__builtin_alloca(sizeof(_CharT) 
                                * __w));
      if (__w > static_cast<streamsize>(__len))
    {
      __pad<_CharT, __traits_type>::_S_pad(__io, __fill, __ws2, __ws, 
                           __w, __len, true);
      __len = static_cast<int>(__w);
      // Switch strings.
      __ws = __ws2;
    }
      __io.width(0);

      // [22.2.2.2.2] Stage 4.
      // Write resulting, fully-formatted string to output iterator.
      return __write(__s, __ws, __len);
    }
#endif

  template<typename _CharT>
    __locale_cache<numpunct<_CharT> >::__locale_cache(const locale& __loc)
      : _M_truename(0), _M_falsename(0), _M_use_grouping(false),
    _M_grouping(0)
    {
      if (has_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc))
    {
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      _M_decimal_point = __np.decimal_point();
      _M_thousands_sep = __np.thousands_sep();

      string_type __false = __np.falsename();
      _CharT* __falsename = new _CharT[__false.length() + 1];
      __false.copy(__falsename, __false.length());
      __falsename[__false.length()] = _CharT();
      _M_falsename = __falsename;

      string_type __true = __np.truename();
      _CharT* __truename = new _CharT[__true.length() + 1];
      __true.copy(__truename, __true.length());
      __truename[__true.length()] = _CharT();
      _M_truename = __truename;

      string __grouping = __np.grouping();
      char* __group = new char[__grouping.length() + 1];
      __grouping.copy(__group, __grouping.length());
      __group[__grouping.length()] = 0;
      _M_grouping = __group;

      _M_use_grouping = __grouping.length() != 0 
        && __grouping.data()[0] != 0;
    }

      if (has_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc))
    {
      const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      __ct.widen(__num_base::_S_atoms_out,
             __num_base::_S_atoms_out + __num_base::_S_end, 
             _M_atoms_out);
    }
    }

  // Static locale cache initialization.  Only instantiated with char
  // and wchar_t, so no need to check has_facet.
  template<typename _CharT>
    __locale_cache<numpunct<_CharT> >::
    __locale_cache(const locale& __loc, bool)
    {
      // Grab pointers to numpunct static strings
      const numpunct<_CharT>& __np = use_facet<numpunct<_CharT> >(__loc);
      _M_thousands_sep = __np._M_thousands_sep;
      _M_decimal_point = __np._M_decimal_point;
      _M_falsename = __np._M_falsename;
      _M_truename = __np._M_truename;
      _M_grouping = __np._M_grouping;
      _M_use_grouping = false;

      const ctype<_CharT>& __ct = use_facet<ctype<_CharT> >(__loc);
      __ct.widen(__num_base::_S_atoms_out,
         __num_base::_S_atoms_out + __num_base::_S_end, 
         _M_atoms_out);
    }

  // Inhibit implicit instantiations for required instantiations,
  // which are defined via explicit instantiations elsewhere.  
  // NB: This syntax is a GNU extension.
#if _GLIBCPP_EXTERN_TEMPLATE
  extern template class moneypunct<char, false>;
  extern template class moneypunct<char, true>;
  extern template class moneypunct_byname<char, false>;
  extern template class moneypunct_byname<char, true>;
  extern template class money_get<char>;
  extern template class money_put<char>;
  extern template class numpunct<char>;
  extern template class numpunct_byname<char>;
  extern template class num_get<char>;
  extern template class num_put<char>; 
  extern template class __timepunct<char>;
  extern template class time_put<char>;
  extern template class time_put_byname<char>;
  extern template class time_get<char>;
  extern template class time_get_byname<char>;
  extern template class messages<char>;
  extern template class messages_byname<char>;
  extern template class ctype_byname<char>;
  extern template class codecvt_byname<char, char, mbstate_t>;
  extern template class collate<char>;
  extern template class collate_byname<char>;

  extern template
    const codecvt<char, char, mbstate_t>& 
    use_facet<codecvt<char, char, mbstate_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const collate<char>& 
    use_facet<collate<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const numpunct<char>& 
    use_facet<numpunct<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const num_put<char>& 
    use_facet<num_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const num_get<char>& 
    use_facet<num_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const moneypunct<char, true>& 
    use_facet<moneypunct<char, true> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const moneypunct<char, false>& 
    use_facet<moneypunct<char, false> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const money_put<char>& 
    use_facet<money_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const money_get<char>& 
    use_facet<money_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const __timepunct<char>& 
    use_facet<__timepunct<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const time_put<char>& 
    use_facet<time_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const time_get<char>& 
    use_facet<time_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const messages<char>& 
    use_facet<messages<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<ctype<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<codecvt<char, char, mbstate_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<collate<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<numpunct<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<num_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<num_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<moneypunct<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<money_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<money_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<__timepunct<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<time_put<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<time_get<char> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<messages<char> >(const locale&);

#ifdef _GLIBCPP_USE_WCHAR_T
  extern template class moneypunct<wchar_t, false>;
  extern template class moneypunct<wchar_t, true>;
  extern template class moneypunct_byname<wchar_t, false>;
  extern template class moneypunct_byname<wchar_t, true>;
  extern template class money_get<wchar_t>;
  extern template class money_put<wchar_t>;
  extern template class numpunct<wchar_t>;
  extern template class numpunct_byname<wchar_t>;
  extern template class num_get<wchar_t>;
  extern template class num_put<wchar_t>;
  extern template class __timepunct<wchar_t>;
  extern template class time_put<wchar_t>;
  extern template class time_put_byname<wchar_t>;
  extern template class time_get<wchar_t>;
  extern template class time_get_byname<wchar_t>;
  extern template class messages<wchar_t>;
  extern template class messages_byname<wchar_t>;
  extern template class ctype_byname<wchar_t>;
  extern template class codecvt_byname<wchar_t, char, mbstate_t>;
  extern template class collate<wchar_t>;
  extern template class collate_byname<wchar_t>;

  extern template
    const codecvt<wchar_t, char, mbstate_t>& 
    use_facet<codecvt<wchar_t, char, mbstate_t> >(locale const&);

  extern template
    const collate<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<collate<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const numpunct<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<numpunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const num_put<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<num_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const num_get<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<num_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const moneypunct<wchar_t, true>& 
    use_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t, true> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const moneypunct<wchar_t, false>& 
    use_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t, false> >(const locale&);
 
  extern template 
    const money_put<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<money_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const money_get<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<money_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template
    const __timepunct<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<__timepunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const time_put<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<time_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const time_get<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<time_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    const messages<wchar_t>& 
    use_facet<messages<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

 extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<ctype<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<codecvt<wchar_t, char, mbstate_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<collate<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<numpunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<num_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<num_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<moneypunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<money_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<money_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<__timepunct<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<time_put<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<time_get<wchar_t> >(const locale&);

  extern template 
    bool
    has_facet<messages<wchar_t> >(const locale&);
#endif
#endif
} // namespace std

#endif

---