SUSE LINUX Documentation Reference
	Index		About This Guide

SUSE Linux

Reference

Mitarbeiter:

Jörg Arndt, Stefan Behlert, Frank Bodammer, James Branam, Volker Buzek, Klara Cihlarova, Stefan Dirsch, Olaf Donjak, Roman Drahtmüller, Thorsten Dubiel, Torsten Duwe, Thomas Fehr, Stefan Fent, Werner Fink, Kurt Garloff, Joachim Gleißner, Carsten Groß, Andreas Grünbacher, Berthold Gunreben, Franz Hassels, Andreas Jaeger, Jana Jaeger, Klaus Kämpf, Andi Kleen, Hubert Mantel, Lars Marowsky-Bree, Chris Mason, Johannes Meixner, Lars Müller, Matthias Nagorni, Anas Nashif, Siegfried Olschner, Edith Parzefall, Peter Pöml, Thomas Renninger, Hannes Reinecke, Thomas Rölz, Heiko Rommel, Marcus Schäfer, Thomas Schraitle, Klaus Singvogel, Hendrik Vogelsang, Klaus G. Wagner, Rebecca Walter, Christian Zoz

Table of Contents

About This Guide

1. Feedback
2. Additional Documentation
3. Documentation Conventions
4. Acknowledgment

I. Advanced Deployment Scenarios

1. Remote Installation

1.1. Installation Scenarios for Remote Installation
1.2. Setting Up the Server Holding the Installation Sources
1.3. Preparing the Boot of the Target System
1.4. Booting the Target System for Installation
1.5. Monitoring the Installation Process

2. Advanced Disk Setup

2.1. Permanent Device Names for SCSI Devices
2.2. LVM Configuration
2.3. Soft RAID Configuration

II. Internet

3. The Web Browser Konqueror

3.1. Tabbed Browsing
3.2. Saving Web Pages and Graphics
3.3. Internet Keywords
3.4. Bookmarks
3.5. Java and JavaScript
3.6. For More Information

4.1. Navigating Web Sites
4.2. Finding Information
4.3. Managing Bookmarks
4.4. Using the Download Manager
4.5. Customizing Firefox
4.6. Printing from Firefox
4.7. For More Information

5. Linphone—VoIP for the Linux Desktop

5.1. Configuring Linphone
5.2. Testing Linphone
5.3. Making a Call
5.4. Answering a Call
5.5. Using the Address Book
5.6. Troubleshooting
5.7. Glossary
5.8. For More Information

6. Encryption with KGpg

6.1. Generating a New Key Pair
6.2. Exporting the Public Key
6.3. Importing Keys
6.4. The Key Server Dialog
6.5. Text and File Encryption
6.6. For More Information

III. Multimedia

7. Sound in Linux

7.1. Mixers
7.2. Multimedia Players
7.3. CDs: Playback and Ripping
7.4. Hard Disk Recording with Audacity
7.5. Direct Recording and Playback of WAV Files

8. TV, Video, Radio, and Webcam

8.1. Watching TV with motv
8.2. Video Text Support
8.3. Webcams and motv
8.4. nxtvepg—The TV Magazine for Your PC
8.5. Watching Digital Video Broadcasts with xawtv4

9. K3b—Burning CDs or DVDs

9.1. Creating a Data CD
9.2. Creating an Audio CD
9.3. Copying a CD or DVD
9.4. Writing ISO Images
9.5. Creating a Multisession CD or DVD
9.6. For More Information

10. The OpenOffice.org Office Suite

10.1. Compatibility with Other Office Applications
10.2. Word Processing with Writer
10.3. Introducing Calc
10.4. Introducing Impress
10.5. Introducing Base
10.6. For More Information

11. Evolution: An E-Mail and Calendar Program

11.1. Importing E-Mail from Other Mail Programs
11.2. Evolution Overview
11.3. Mail
11.4. Contacts
11.5. Calendars
11.6. Syncing Data with a Handheld
11.7. Evolution for GroupWise Users
11.8. For More Information

12. Kontact: An E-Mail and Calendar Program

12.1. Importing E-Mail from Other Mail Programs
12.2. Kontact Overview
12.3. Mail
12.4. Contacts
12.5. Calendar
12.6. Syncing Data with a Handheld
12.7. Kontact for GroupWise Users
12.8. For More Information

13. Synchronizing a Handheld Computer with KPilot

13.1. Conduits Used by KPilot
13.2. Configuring the Handheld Connection
13.3. Configuring the KAddressBook Conduit
13.4. Managing To-Do Items and Events
13.5. Working with KPilot

14. Using Beagle

14.1. Indexing Data
14.2. Searching Data

V. Graphics

15. Digital Cameras and Linux

15.1. Connecting to the Camera
15.2. Accessing the Camera
15.3. Using Konqueror
15.4. Using Digikam
15.5. Using f-spot
15.6. For More Information

16. Kooka—A Scanning Application

16.1. The Preview
16.2. The Final Scan
16.3. The Menus
16.4. The Gallery
16.5. Optical Character Recognition

17. Manipulating Graphics with The GIMP

17.1. Graphics Formats
17.2. Starting GIMP
17.3. Getting Started in GIMP
17.4. Saving Images
17.5. Printing Images
17.6. For More Information

VI. Mobility

18. Mobile Computing with Linux

18.1. Laptops
18.2. Mobile Hardware
18.3. Cellular Phones and PDAs
18.4. For More Information

19.1. Hardware
19.2. Software

20. System Configuration Profile Management

20.1. Terminology
20.2. Using the YaST Profile Manager
20.3. Configuring SCPM Using the Command Line
20.4. Using the Profile Chooser Applet
20.5. Troubleshooting
20.6. Selecting a Profile When Booting the System
20.7. For More Information

21. Power Management

21.1. Power Saving Functions
21.2. APM
21.3. ACPI
21.4. Rest for the Hard Disk
21.5. The powersave Package
21.6. The YaST Power Management Module

22. Wireless Communication

22.1. Wireless LAN
22.2. Bluetooth
22.3. Infrared Data Transmission

VII. Administration

23. Security in Linux

23.1. Masquerading and Firewalls
23.2. SSH: Secure Network Operations
23.3. Encrypting Partitions and Files
23.4. Security and Confidentiality

24. Access Control Lists in Linux

24.1. Advantages of ACLs
24.2. Definitions
24.3. Handling ACLs
24.4. ACL Support in Applications
24.5. For More Information

25. System Monitoring Utilities

25.1. List of Open Files: lsof
25.2. User Accessing Files: fuser
25.3. File Properties: stat
25.4. USB Devices: lsusb
25.5. Information about a SCSI Device: scsiinfo
25.6. Processes: top
25.7. Process List: ps
25.8. Process Tree: pstree
25.9. Who Is Doing What: w
25.10. Memory Usage: free
25.11. Kernel Ring Buffer: dmesg
25.12. File Systems and Their Usage: mount, df, and du
25.13. The /proc File System
25.14. vmstat, iostat, and mpstat
25.15. procinfo
25.16. PCI Resources: lspci
25.17. System Calls of a Program Run: strace
25.18. Library Calls of a Program Run: ltrace
25.19. Specifying the Required Library: ldd
25.20. Additional Information about ELF Binaries
25.21. Interprocess Communication: ipcs
25.22. Time Measurement with time

VIII. System

26. 32-Bit and 64-Bit Applications in a 64-Bit System Environment

26.1. Runtime Support
26.2. Software Development
26.3. Software Compilation on Biarch Platforms
26.4. Kernel Specifications

27. Working with the Shell

27.1. Using of Bash on the Command Line
27.2. Users and Access Permissions
27.3. Important Linux Commands
27.4. The vi Editor

28. Booting and Configuring a Linux System

28.1. The Linux Boot Process
28.2. The init Process
28.3. System Configuration via /etc/sysconfig

29. The Boot Loader

29.1. Boot Management
29.2. Selecting a Boot Loader
29.3. Booting with GRUB
29.4. Configuring the Boot Loader with YaST
29.5. Uninstalling the Linux Boot Loader
29.6. Creating Boot CDs
29.7. The Graphical SUSE Screen
29.8. Troubleshooting
29.9. For More Information

30. Special Features of SUSE Linux

30.1. Information about Special Software Packages
30.2. Virtual Consoles
30.3. Keyboard Mapping
30.4. Language and Country-Specific Settings

31. Printer Operation

31.1. Workflow of the Printing System
31.2. Methods and Protocols for Connecting Printers
31.3. Installing the Software
31.4. Configuring the Printer
31.5. Configuration for Applications
31.6. Special Features in SUSE Linux
31.7. Troubleshooting

32. The Hotplug System

32.1. Devices and Interfaces
32.2. Hotplug Events
32.3. Hotplug Device Configuration
32.4. Automatic Module Loading
32.5. The Boot Script Coldplug
32.6. Error Analysis

33. Dynamic Device Nodes with udev

33.1. Creating Rules
33.2. Placeholder Substitution
33.3. Pattern Matching in Keys
33.4. Key Selection
33.5. Persistent Names for Mass Storage Devices

34. File Systems in Linux

34.1. Terminology
34.2. Major File Systems in Linux
34.3. Some Other Supported File Systems
34.4. Large File Support in Linux
34.5. For More Information

35. The X Window System

35.1. X11 Setup with SaX2
35.2. Optimizing the X Configuration
35.3. Installing and Configuring Fonts
35.4. OpenGL—3D Configuration

36. Authentication with PAM

36.1. Structure of a PAM Configuration File
36.2. The PAM Configuration of sshd
36.3. Configuration of PAM Modules
36.4. For More Information

37. Virtualization with Xen

37.1. Xen Installation
37.2. Domain Installation
37.3. Configuring a Xen Guest Domain
37.4. Starting and Controlling Xen Domains
37.5. For More Information

IX. Services

38. Basic Networking

38.1. IP Addresses and Routing
38.2. IPv6—The Next Generation Internet
38.3. Name Resolution
38.4. Configuring a Network Connection with YaST
38.5. Configuring a Network Connection Manually
38.6. smpppd as Dial-up Assistant

39. SLP Services in the Network

39.1. Registering Your Own Services
39.2. SLP Front-Ends in SUSE Linux
39.3. Activating SLP
39.4. For More Information

40. The Domain Name System

40.1. DNS Basics
40.2. Configuration with YaST
40.3. Starting the Name Server BIND
40.4. The Configuration File /etc/named.conf
40.5. Zone Files
40.6. Dynamic Update of Zone Data
40.7. Secure Transactions
40.8. DNS Security
40.9. For More Information

41. Using NIS

41.1. Configuring NIS Servers Using YaST
41.2. Configuring NIS Clients

42. Sharing File Systems with NFS

42.1. Importing File Systems with YaST
42.2. Importing File Systems Manually
42.3. Exporting File Systems with YaST
42.4. Exporting File Systems Manually

43.1. Configuring a DHCP Server with YaST
43.2. DHCP Software Packages
43.3. The DHCP Server dhcpd
43.4. For More Information

44. Time Synchronization with xntp

44.1. Configuring an NTP Client with YaST
44.2. Configuring xntp in the Network
44.3. Setting Up a Local Reference Clock

45. LDAP—A Directory Service

45.1. LDAP versus NIS
45.2. Structure of an LDAP Directory Tree
45.3. Server Configuration with slapd.conf
45.4. Data Handling in the LDAP Directory
45.5. The YaST LDAP Client
45.6. Configuring LDAP Users and Groups in YaST
45.7. For More Information

46. The Apache Web Server

46.1. Preface and Terminology
46.2. Installation
46.3. Configuration
46.4. Virtual Hosts
46.5. Apache Modules
46.6. Security
46.7. Troubleshooting
46.8. For More Information

47. File Synchronization

47.1. Available Data Synchronization Software
47.2. Determining Factors for Selecting a Program
47.3. Introduction to Unison
47.4. Introduction to CVS
47.5. Introduction to Subversion
47.6. Introduction to rsync
47.7. Introduction to mailsync

48.1. Configuring the Server
48.2. Samba as Login Server
48.3. Configuring a Samba Server with YaST
48.4. Configuring Clients
48.5. Optimization

49. The Proxy Server Squid

49.1. Some Facts about Proxy Caches
49.2. System Requirements
49.3. Starting Squid
49.4. The Configuration File /etc/squid/squid.conf
49.5. Configuring a Transparent Proxy
49.6. cachemgr.cgi
49.7. squidGuard
49.8. Cache Report Generation with Calamaris
49.9. For More Information

List of Figures

2.1. Physical Partitioning versus LVM
2.2. Creating a Volume Group
2.3. Physical Volume Setup
2.4. Logical Volume Management
2.5. Creating Logical Volumes
2.6. RAID Partitions
2.7. File System Settings
3.1. The Browser Window of Konqueror
4.1. The Browser Window of Firefox
4.2. Using the Firefox Bookmark Manager
4.3. Installing Firefox Extensions
4.4. Installing Firefox Themes
6.1. KGpg: Creating a Key
6.2. The Key Manager
6.3. Search Screen for Importing a Key
6.4. Hits and Import
6.5. Exporting a Key to a Key Server
7.1. The Mixer KMix
7.2. The GNOME Mixer Applet
7.3. Monitor and Digital Mixer of envy24control
7.4. The amaroK Media Player
7.5. XMMS with Equalizer, OpenGL Spectrum Analyzer, and Infinity Plug-Ins
7.6. The KsCD User Interface
7.7. Ripping Audio CDs with Grip
7.8. Ripping Audio CDs with KAudioCreator
7.9. Ripping Audio Data with Konqueror
7.10. Spectral View of the Audio Data
7.11. The Spectrum
7.12. QARecord—A Simple Hard Disk Recording Application
8.1. The TV Application motv
8.2. The Electronic TV Magazine nxtvepg
8.3. Running xawtv4
8.4. The mtt4 Video Text Browser
8.5. DVB Radio
9.1. Creating a New Data CD
9.2. Customizing the Burning Process
9.3. Copying a CD
10.1. The OpenOffice.org Writer
10.2. An OpenOffice.org Wizard
10.3. The Navigator in Writer
10.4. Base—Databases in OpenOffice.org
11.1. The Evolution Window with Mail
11.2. The Evolution Address Book
11.3. The Evolution Calendar
12.1. The Kontact Window Showing the Summary
12.2. The Kontact Mail Component
12.3. The Kontact Address Book
12.4. The Kontact Calendar
13.1. Configuration Dialog with the Available Conduits
13.2. KPilot Configuration
13.3. Dialog Showing the Path to a KOrganizer Calendar File
13.4. The Main Window of KPilot
14.1. Beagle Search
15.1. The Main Window of Digikam
15.2. Downloading Pictures from Camera
15.3. Creating a Template for a Calendar
15.4. Results of Find
15.5. Importing Images to f-spot
15.6. f-spot's Main Window
15.7. Import from Camera
15.8. Exporting Images to a Web Gallery
15.9. Exporting Images to CD
16.1. The Kooka Main Window
16.2. The Kooka Preview Window
16.3. The Kooka Scanning Parameters
16.4. The Kooka Gallery
16.5. OCR with Kooka
17.1. The Main Window
17.2. The Print Dialog
18.1. Integrating a Laptop in a Network
18.2. Monitoring the Battery State with KSysguard
20.1. YaST SCPM Options
20.2. Configuring Resource Groups
20.3. Special Profile Settings
21.1. Scheme Selection
21.2. Overview of Existing Schemes
21.3. Configuring a Scheme
21.4. Battery Charge Level
21.5. ACPI Settings
22.1. YaST: Configuring the Wireless Network Card
22.2. YaST Bluetooth Configuration
23.1. iptables: A Packet's Possible Paths
23.2. The YaST Firewall Configuration
24.1. Minimum ACL: ACL Entries Compared to Permission Bits
24.2. Extended ACL: ACL Entries Compared to Permission Bits
27.1. Excerpt from a Standard Directory Tree
28.1. System Services (Runlevel)
28.2. System Configuration Using the sysconfig Editor
29.1. Configuring the Boot Loader with YaST
31.1. Selecting the Printer Model
35.1. The Main Window of SaX2
37.1. Xen Overview
38.1. Simplified Layer Model for TCP/IP
38.2. TCP/IP Ethernet Packet
38.3. Configuration of the Network Card
38.4. Modem Configuration
38.5. ISDN Configuration
38.6. ISDN Interface Configuration
38.7. DSL Configuration
40.1. DNS Server Installation: Forwarder Settings
40.2. DNS Server Installation: DNS Zones
40.3. DNS Server Installation: Finish Wizard
40.4. DNS Server: Logging
40.5. DNS Server: Slave Zone Editor
40.6. DNS Server: Zone Editor (NS Records)
40.7. DNS Server: Zone Editor (MX Records)
40.8. DNS Server: Zone Editor (SOA)
41.1. NIS Server Setup
41.2. Master Server Setup
41.3. NIS Server Maps Setup
41.4. Changing the Directory and Synchronizing Files for a NIS Server
41.5. Setting Request Permissions for a NIS Server
41.6. Setting Domain and Address of a NIS Server
42.1. NFS Client Configuration with YaST
42.2. NFS Server Configuration Tool
42.3. Configuring an NFS Server with YaST
43.1. DHCP Server: Card Selection
43.2. DHCP Server: Global Settings
43.3. DHCP Server: Dynamic DHCP
43.4. DHCP Server: Start-Up
44.1. YaST: Configuring an NTP Client
44.2. YaST: Complex NTP Client Configuration
45.1. Structure of an LDAP Directory
45.2. YaST: Configuration of the LDAP Client
45.3. YaST: Advanced Configuration
45.4. YaST: Module Configuration
45.5. YaST: Configuration of an Object Template
45.6. YaST: Additional LDAP Settings
46.1. HTTP Server Wizard: Network Device Selection
46.2. HTTP Server Wizard: Modules
46.3. HTTP Server Wizard: Default Host
46.4. HTTP Server Wizard: Virtual Hosts
46.5. HTTP Server Wizard: Summary
48.1. Samba Configuration—Start Up
48.2. Samba Configuration—Shares
48.3. Samba Configuration—Identity

List of Tables

1.1. F Keys During Installation
1.2. Installation (Boot) Scenarios Used in This Chapter
10.1. The OpenOffice.org Application Modules
12.1. Kontact and GroupWise Terminology Differences
22.1. Overview of Various WLAN Standards
24.1. ACL Entry Types
24.2. Masking Access Permissions
27.1. Simple Commands of the vi Editor
28.1. Available Runlevels
28.2. Possible init Script Options
30.1. ulimit: Setting Resources for the User
34.1. File System Types in Linux
34.2. Maximum Sizes of File Systems (On-Disk Format)
35.1. Sections in /etc/X11/xorg.conf
35.2. Parameters of fc-list
35.3. Supported 3D Hardware
37.1. xm Commands
38.1. Several Protocols in the TCP/IP Protocol Family
38.2. Specific Addresses
38.3. Private IP Address Domains
38.4. Various IPv6 Prefixes
38.5. Manual Network Configuration Scripts
38.6. Parameters for /etc/host.conf
38.7. Databases Available via /etc/nsswitch.conf
38.8. Configuration Options for NSS “Databases”
38.9. Some Start-Up Scripts for Network Programs
42.1. Permissions for Exported File System
45.1. Commonly Used Object Classes and Attributes
45.2. User Groups and Their Access Grants
45.3. Types of Access
47.1. Features of the File Synchronization Tools: -- = very poor, - = poor or not available, o = medium, + = good, ++ = excellent, x = available

List of Examples

22.1. Output of irdadump
27.1. Sample Output Showing File Permissions
27.2. Sample Output Showing Directory Permissions
28.1. A Minimal INIT INFO Block
30.1. Entry in /etc/crontab
30.2. /etc/crontab: Remove Time Stamp Files
30.3. Example for /etc/logrotate.conf
30.4. ulimit: Settings in ~/.bashrc
31.1. /etc/modprobe.conf: Interrupt Mode for the First Parallel Port
31.2. Error Message from the lpd
31.3. Broadcast from the CUPS Network Server
35.1. Screen Section of the File /etc/X11/xorg.conf
36.1. PAM Configuration for sshd
36.2. Default Configuration for the auth Section
36.3. Default Configuration for the account Section
36.4. Default Configuration for the password Section
36.5. Default Configuration for the session Section
36.6. pam_unix2.conf
36.7. pam_env.conf
36.8. pam_pwcheck.conf
38.1. Writing IP Addresses
38.2. Linking IP Addresses to the Netmask
38.3. Sample IPv6 Address
38.4. IPv6 Address Specifying the Prefix Length
38.5. /etc/resolv.conf
38.6. /etc/hosts
38.7. /etc/networks
38.8. /etc/host.conf
38.9. /etc/nsswitch.conf
40.1. Forwarding Options in named.conf
40.2. A Basic /etc/named.conf
40.3. Entry to Disable Logging
40.4. Zone Entry for my-domain.de
40.5. Zone Entry for other-domain.de
40.6. File /var/lib/named/world.zone
40.7. Reverse Lookup
42.1. /etc/exports
43.1. The Configuration File /etc/dhcpd.conf
43.2. Additions to the Configuration File
45.1. Excerpt from schema.core
45.2. slapd.conf: Include Directive for Schemes
45.3. slapd.conf: pidfile and argsfile
45.4. slapd.conf: Access Control
45.5. slapd.conf: Example for Access Control
45.6. slapd.conf: Database-Specific Directives
45.7. Example for an LDIF File
45.8. ldapadd with example.ldif
45.9. LDIF Data for Tux
45.10. Modified LDIF File tux.ldif
45.11. pam_unix2.conf Adapted to LDAP
45.12. Adaptations in nsswitch.conf
46.1. LoadModule Directive
46.2. DirectoryIndex Directive
46.3. AllowOverride Directive
46.4. AccessFileName Directive
46.5. ErrorLog Directive
46.6. LogLevel Directive
46.7. Example Output When Starting and Stopping Apache
46.8. Variations of Name-Based VirtualHost Entries
46.9. Name-Based VirtualHost Directives
46.10. IP-Based VirtualHost Directives
46.11. A Simple CGI Script in Perl
46.12. Manual Activaton of mod_cgi
46.13. mod_suexec Configuration
46.14. Manual Configuration of mod_ssl
47.1. The file ~/.unison/example.prefs
48.1. A CD-ROM Share
48.2. homes Share
48.3. Global Section in smb.conf
48.4. Setting Up a Machine Account
48.5. Automated Setup of a Machine Account
49.1. Firewall Configuration: Option 15
49.2. Access Rules
49.3. Access Rules

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