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[
#intro
Introducing Formats
|
#supported
Supported Formats
|
#pseudo
Pseudo Formats
|
#builtin-images
Built-in Images
|
#builtin-patterns
Built-in Patterns
|
#embedded
Embedded Profiles
]
Introducing Image Formats
ImageMagick uses an ASCII string known as
magick
(e.g.
GIF
) to identify file formats, algorithms acting as formats, built-in patterns, and embedded profile types.
Support for some of the formats are delegated to libraries or external programs. The Installation Guide describes where to find these distributions and any special configuration options required.
To get a complete listing of which image formats are supported on your system, type
identify -list format
On some platforms, ImageMagick automatically processes these extensions: .gz for Zip compression, .Z for Unix compression, .bz2 for block compression, and .pgp for PGP encryption. For example, a PNM image called image.pnm.gz is automatically uncompressed.
Supported Image Formats
ImageMagick supports reading over 90 major file formats (not
including sub-formats). The following table provides a summary of
the supported image formats.
Tag
Mode
Description
Notes
ART
R
PFS: 1st Publisher
Format originally used on the Macintosh (MacPaint?) and later used for PFS: 1st Publisher clip art.
http://www.jmcgowan.com/avi.html
AVI
R
Microsoft Audio/Visual Interleaved
AVS
RW
AVS X image
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/sdkdoc/gdi/bitmaps_9c6r.htm
BMP
RW
Microsoft Windows bitmap
CGM
R
Computer Graphics Metafile
Requires
http://www.agocg.ac.uk/train/cgm/ralcgm.htm
ralcgm
to render CGM files.
http://www.cineon.com/ff_draft.html
CIN
RW
Kodak Cineon Image Format
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#set
-set
to specify the image gamma or black and white points (e.g.
-set gamma 1.7
,
-set reference-black 95
,
-set reference-white 685
).
CMYK
RW
Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, and black samples
Set
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
CMYKA
RW
Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and alpha samples
Set
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
CUR
R
Microsoft Cursor Icon
CUT
R
DR Halo
DCM
R
Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) image
Used by the medical community for images like X-rays.
DCX
RW
ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush image
DIB
RW
Microsoft Windows Device Independent Bitmap
DIB is a
#BMP
BMP
file without the
#BMP
BMP
header. Used to support embedded images in compound formats like WMF.
http://www.adobe.com/products/dng/main.html
DNG
R
Digital Negative
DPX
RW
SMPTE Digital Moving Picture Exchange
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#set
-set
to specify the image gamma or black and white points (e.g.
-set gamma 1.7
,
-set reference-black 95
,
-set reference-white 685
).
EMF
R
Microsoft Enhanced Metafile (32-bit)
Only available under Microsoft Windows.
EPDF
RW
Encapsulated Portable Document Format
EPI
RW
Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPS
RW
Adobe Encapsulated PostScript
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPS2
W
Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPS3
W
Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPSF
RW
Adobe Encapsulated PostScript
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPSI
RW
Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
EPT
RW
Adobe Encapsulated PostScript Interchange format with
#TIFF
TIFF
preview
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
FAX
RW
Group 3 TIFF
See
#TIFF
TIFF
format. Note that FAX machines use non-square pixels which are 1.5 times wider than they are tall but computer displays use square pixels so FAX images may appear to be narrow unless they are explicitly resized using a resize specification of
150x100%
.
http://duke.usask.ca/%7Emacphed/soft/fig/
FIG
R
FIG graphics format
Requires
ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/applications/drawing_tools/transfig
TransFig
.
http://www.cv.nrao.edu/fits/
FITS
RW
Flexible Image Transport System
FPX
RW
FlashPix Format
Requires
ftp://ftp.imagemagick.com/pub/ImageMagick/delegates
FlashPix SDK
.
GIF
RW
CompuServe Graphics Interchange Format
8-bit RGB PseudoColor with up to 256 palette entires. Specify the format
GIF87
to write the older version 87a of the format.
GPLT
R
Gnuplot plot files
Requires
ftp://ftp.dartmouth.edu/pub/gnuplot/
gnuplot3.5.tar.Z
or later.
GRAY
RW
Raw gray samples
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
HPGL
R
HP-GL plotter language
Requires
http://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/ImageMagick/delegates/hp2xx-3.2.0.tar.gz
hp2xx-3.2.0.tar.gz
HTML
RW
Hypertext Markup Language with a client-side image map
Also known as
HTM
. Requires
http://www.tdb.uu.se/%7Ejan/
html2ps
to read.
ICO
R
Microsoft icon
Also known as
ICON
.
JBIG
RW
Joint Bi-level Image experts Group file interchange format
Also known as
BIE
and
JBG
. Requires
ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/doc/ISO/JBIG/
jbigkit-1.0.tar.gz
.
http://www.libmng.com/
JNG
RW
Multiple-image Network Graphics
JPEG in a PNG-style wrapper with transparency. Requires libjpeg and libpng-1.0.2 or later,
http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
libpng-1.2.5
or later recommended.
JP2
RW
JPEG-2000 JP2 File Format Syntax
Requires
http://www.ece.uvic.ca/%7Emdadams/jasper/
jasper-1.600.0.zip
JPC
RW
JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax
Requires
http://www.ece.ubc.ca/%7Emdadams/jasper/
jasper-1.600.0.zip
JPEG
RW
Joint Photographic Experts Group JFIF format
Requires
ftp://ftp.uu.net/graphics/jpeg/
jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
MAN
R
Unix reference manual pages
Requires that GNU groff and Ghostcript are installed.
MAT
R
MATLAB image format
../www/miff.html
MIFF
RW
Magick image file format
ImageMagick's own image format (with ASCII header) which ensures that no image attributes understood by ImageMagick are lost.
MONO
RW
Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-byte first order
http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/
MNG
RW
Multiple-image Network Graphics
A PNG-like Image Format Supporting Multiple Images, Animation and Transparent JPEG. Requires libpng-1.0.2 or later,
http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
libpng-1.2.5
or later recommended.
http://www.mpeg.org/
MPEG
RW
Motion Picture Experts Group file interchange format (version 1)
Requires
ftp://ftp.mpeg.org/pub/mpeg/mssg/
mpeg2vidcodec_v12.tar.gz
.
http://www.mpeg.org/
M2V
RW
Motion Picture Experts Group file interchange format (version 2)
Requires
ftp://ftp.mpeg.org/pub/mpeg/mssg/
mpeg2vidcodec_v12.tar.gz
.
MPC
RW
Magick Persistent Cache image file format
The native
in-memory
ImageMagick uncompressed file format. This file format is identical to that used by ImageMagick to represent images in memory and is read by mapping the file directly into memory. The MPC format is not portable and is not suitable as an archive format. It is suitable as an intermediate format for high-performance image processing.  The MPC format requires two files to support one image. When writing the MPC format, a file with extension
.mpc
is used to store metadata about the image, while a file with extension
.cache
stores the image pixels.
MSL
RW
Magick Scripting Language
MSL is the XML-based scripting language supported by the
conjure.html
conjure
utility.
MTV
RW
MTV Raytracing image format
MVG
RW
Magick Vector Graphics.
The native ImageMagick vector metafile format. A text file containing vector drawing commands accepted by
../www/convert.html
convert
's -draw option.
OTB
RW
On-the-air Bitmap
P7
RW
Xv's Visual Schnauzer thumbnail format
PALM
RW
Palm pixmap
PBM
RW
Portable bitmap format (black and white)
PCD
RW
Photo CD
The maximum resolution written is 768x512 pixels since larger images require huffman compression (which is not supported).
PCDS
RW
Photo CD
Decode with the sRGB color tables.
PCL
W
HP Page Control Language
For output to HP laser printers.
PCX
RW
ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush file
PDB
RW
Palm Database ImageViewer Format
PDF
RW
Portable Document Format
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
PFA
R
Postscript Type 1 font (ASCII)
Opening as file returns a preview image.
PFB
R
Postscript Type 1 font (binary)
Opening as file returns a preview image.
PGM
RW
Portable graymap format (gray scale)
PICON
RW
Personal Icon
PICT
RW
Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT file
PIX
R
Alias/Wavefront RLE image format
http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/
PNG
RW
Portable Network Graphics
Requires libpng-1.0.2 or later,
http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/libpng.html
libpng-1.2.5
or later recommended.
PNM
RW
Portable anymap
PNM is a family of formats supporting portable bitmaps (PBM) , graymaps (PGM), and pixmaps (PPM). There is no file format associated with pnm itself. If PNM is used as the output format specifier, then ImageMagick automatically selects the most appropriate format to represent the image.  The default is to write the binary version of the formats. Use
../www/command-line-options.html#compress
+compress
to write the ASCII version of the formats.
PPM
RW
Portable pixmap format (color)
PS
RW
Adobe PostScript file
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
PS2
RW
Adobe Level II PostScript file
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
PS3
RW
Adobe Level III PostScript file
Requires
http://www.cs.wisc.edu/%7Eghost
Ghostscript
to read.
PSD
RW
Adobe Photoshop bitmap file
PTIF
RW
Pyramid encoded
#TIFF
TIFF
Multi-resolution
#TIFF
TIFF
containing successively smaller versions of the image down to the size of an icon. The desired sub-image size may be specified when reading via the
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
option.
http://www.photoworks.com/
PWP
R
Seattle File Works multi-image file
RAD
R
Radiance image file
Requires that
ra_ppm
from the Radiance software package be installed.
RGB
RW
Raw red, green, and blue samples
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
RGBA
RW
Raw red, green, blue, and alpha samples
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
RLA
R
Alias/Wavefront image file
RLE
R
Utah Run length encoded image file
http://www.oreilly.com/www/centers/gff/formats/scitex/
SCT
R
Scitex Continuous Tone Picture
http://www.photoworks.com/
SFW
R
Seattle File Works image
SGI
RW
Irix RGB image
SHTML
W
Hypertext Markup Language client-side image map
Used to write HTML clickable image maps based on a the output of
montage.html
montage
or a format which supports tiled images such as
#MIFF
MIFF
.
SUN
RW
SUN Rasterfile
http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG
SVG
RW
Scalable Vector Graphics
Requires
http://xmlsoft.org/
libxml2
and
http://www.freetype.org/
freetype-2
. Note that SVG is a very complex specification so support is still not complete.
TGA
RW
Truevision Targa image
Also known as formats
ICB
,
VDA
, and
VST
.
TIFF
RW
Tagged Image File Format
Also known as
TIF
. Requires
ftp://ftp.remotesensing.org/pub/libtiff/
tiff-v3.6.1.tar.gz
or later. Note that since Unisys claims a
http://www.delphion.com/details?&amp;pn=US04558302__
patent on the LZW algorithm
(expiring in the US as of June 2003) used by LZW-compressed TIFF files, ImageMagick binary distributions do not include support for the LZW algorithm so LZW TIFF files can not be written. Although a patch is available for libtiff to enable building with LZW support. Users should consult the
http://www.unisys.com/about__unisys/lzw/
Unisys LZW web page
before applying it.
TIM
R
PSX TIM file
http://www.freetype.org/
TTF
R
TrueType font file
Requires
http://www.freetype.org/
freetype 2
. Opening as file returns a preview image.
TXT
RW
Raw text file
UIL
W
X-Motif UIL table
UYVY
RW
Interleaved YUV raw image
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
command line options to specify width and height.
VICAR
RW
VICAR rasterfile format
VIFF
RW
Khoros Visualization Image File Format
http://www.wapforum.org/
WBMP
RW
Wireless bitmap
Support for uncompressed monochrome only.
http://www.wvware.com/libwmf.html
WMF
R
Windows Metafile
Requires
http://sourceforge.net/projects/wvware/
libwmf
. By default, renders WMF files using the dimensions specified by the metafile header. Use the -density option to adjust the output resolution, and thereby adjust the ouput size. The default output resolution is 72DPI so
-density 144
results in an image twice as large as the default. Use
-background color
to specify the WMF background color (default white) or
-texture filename
to specify a background texture image.
WPG
R
Word Perfect Graphics File
XBM
RW
X Windows system bitmap, black and white only
Used by the X Windows System to store monochrome icons.
XCF
R
GIMP image
http://www.inria.fr/koala/lehors/xpm.html
XPM
RW
X Windows system pixmap
Also known as
PM
. Used by the X Windows System to store color icons.
XWD
RW
X Windows system window dump
Used by the X Windows System to save/display screen dumps.
YCbCr
RW
Raw Y, Cb, and Cr samples
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
YCbCrA
RW
Raw Y, Cb, Cr, and alpha samples
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.
YUV
RW
CCIR 601 4:1:1
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
command line options to specify width, height, and depth.
Pseudo-image Formats
ImageMagick supports a number of image format specifications which refer to images prepared via an algorithm, or input/output targets. The following table lists these pseudo-image formats:
Tag
Mode
Description
Notes
CAPTION
R
Image caption
CLIPBOARD
RW
Windows Clipboard
Only available under Microsoft Windows.
FRACTAL
R
Plasma fractal image
GRADIENT
R
Gradual passing from one shade to another
Returns a rendered gradient image using the specified image size. Specify the desired shading as part of the filename (e.g.
gradient:red-blue
or
gradient:#F00-#00F
).
HISTOGRAM
W
Histogram of the image
LABEL
R
Text image format
Specify the desired text as the filename (e.g.
label:"This is a label"
).
MAP
RW
Colormap intensities and indices
Set -depth to set the sample size of the intensities; indices are 16-bit if colors > 256.
MATTE
W
MATTE format
Write only.
NULL
RW
NULL image
Useful for creating blank tiles with
../www/montage.html
montage
(use
NULL:
). Also useful as an output format when evaluating image read performance.
PLASMA
R
Plasma fractal image
PREVIEW
W
Show a preview an image enhancement, effect, or f/x
Creates a preview montage of images prepared over a parameteric range in order to assist with parameter selection. Specify the desired
preview type via the -preview option).
PRINT
W
Send image to your computer printer
Unix users may set the PRINTER (for 'lp') or LPDEST (for 'lpr') environment variables to select the desired printer.
SCAN
R
Import image from a scanner device
Requires
http://www.mostang.com/sane/
SANE
Specify the device name and path as the filename (e.g.
scan:mustek:/dev/scanner
).
STEGANO
R
Steganographic image
Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
command line option to specify width, height, and offset of the steganographic image
TILE
R
Tiled image
Create a tiled version of an image at by tiling a image. Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
to specify the tiled image size. The image is specified similar to
TILE:image.miff
.
VID
RW
Visual Image Directory
Used to create a thumbnailed directory (tiled thumbnails) of a set of images which may be used to select images to view via the
../www/display.html
display
program, or saved to a
#MIFF
MIFF
or
#SHTML
SHTML
file.
WIN
RW
Select image from or display image to your computer screen
Only supported under Microsoft Windows.
X
RW
Select image from or display image to your X server screen
Also see the
../www/import.html
import
and
../www/display.html
display
programs.
XC
R
Canvas image of specified color
Useful to create solid color
canvas
images. Use
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
and
../www/command-line-options.html#depth
-depth
to specify the image width, height, and depth.  Example XC color specifications include
XC:red
and
XC:#FF0000M
.
Built-in Images
ImageMagick includes a number of built-in (embedded) images which may be referenced as if they were an image file. The
magick:
format tag may be used via the syntax
magick:
name
to request an embedded image (e.g.
magick:logo
). For backwards compatibility, the image specifications
GRANITE:
,
LOGO:
,
NETSCAPE:
, and
ROSE:
may also be used to request images with those names.
Tag
Mode
Description
Notes
GRANITE
R
128x128 granite texture pattern
LOGO
R
ImageMagick Logo, 640x480
NETSCAPE
R
image using colors in Netscape 216 (6x6x6 ) color cube, 216x144
Most commonly used with the
../www/convert.html
convert
/../
../www/mogrify.html
mogrify
../www/command-line-options.html#map
-map
option to create
web safe
images.
ROSE
R
Picture of a rose, 70x46
Built-in Patterns
ImageMagick includes a number of built-in (embedded) patterns which may be referenced as if they were an image file. The
pattern:
format tag may be used via the syntax
pattern:
name
to request an embedded pattern (e.g.
pattern:checkerboard
). The pattern size is controlled with the
../www/command-line-options.html#size
-size
command line option.
Tag
Mode
Description
Notes
BRICKS
R
brick pattern, 16x16
CHECKERBOARD
R
checkerboard pattern, 30x30
CIRCLES
R
circles pattern, 16x16
CROSSHATCH
R
crosshatch pattern, 8x4
CROSSHATCH30
R
crosshatch pattern with lines at 30 degrees, 8x4
CROSSHATCH45
R
crosshatch pattern with lines at 45 degrees, 8x4
FISHSCALES
R
fish scales pattern, 16x8
GRAY0
R
0% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY5
R
5% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY10
R
10% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY15
R
15% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY20
R
20% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY25
R
25% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY30
R
30% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY35
R
35% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY40
R
40% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY45
R
45% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY50
R
50% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY55
R
55% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY60
R
60% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY65
R
65% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY70
R
70% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY75
R
75% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY80
R
80% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY85
R
85% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY90
R
90% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY95
R
95% intensity gray, 32x32
GRAY100
R
100% intensity gray, 32x32
HEXAGONS
R
hexagon pattern, 30x18
HORIZONTAL
R
horizontal line pattern, 8x4
HORIZONTALSAW
R
horizontal saw-tooth pattern, 16x8
HS_BDIAGONAL
R
backward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8
HS_CROSS
R
cross line pattern, 8x8
HS_DIAGCROSS
R
diagonal line cross pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8
HS_FDIAGONAL
R
forward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8
HS_HORIZONTAL
R
horizontal line pattern, 8x8
HS_VERTICAL
R
vertical line pattern, 8x8
LEFT30
R
forward diagonal pattern (30 degrees slope), 8x4
LEFT45
R
forward diagonal line pattern (45 degrees slope), 8x8
LEFTSHINGLE
R
left shingle pattern, 24x24
OCTAGONS
R
octagons pattern, 16x16
RIGHT30
R
backward diagonal line pattern (30 degrees) 8x4
RIGHT45
R
backward diagonal line pattern (30 degrees), 8x8
RIGHTSHINGLE
R
right shingle pattern, 24x24
SMALLFISHSCALES
R
small fish scales pattern, 8x8
VERTICAL
R
vertical line pattern, 8x8
VERTICALBRICKS
R
vertical brick pattern, 16x16
VERTICALLEFTSHINGLE
R
vertical left shingle pattern, 24x24
VERTICALRIGHTSHINGLE
R
vertical right shingle pattern, 24x24
VERTICALSAW
R
vertical saw-tooth pattern, 8x16
Embedded Image Profiles
ImageMagick provides a number of format identifiers which are used to add, remove, and save embedded profiles for images which can support embedded profiles. Image types which may contain embedded profiles are TIFF, JPEG, and PDF.
Tag
Mode
Description
Notes
8BIM
RW
Photoshop resource format (binary)
8BIMTEXT
RW
Photoshop resource format (ASCII)
An ASCII representation of the 8BIM format.
APP1
RW
Raw application information
APP1JPEG
RW
Raw JPEG binary data
Profile in JPEG wrapper.
ICC
RW
International Color Consortium color profile
Also known as
ICM
. To read, use
../www/command-line-options.html#profile
-profile
with
../www/convert.html
convert
.
IPTC
RW
IPTC Newsphoto (binary)
To read, use
../www/command-line-options.html#profile
-profile
with
../www/convert.html
convert
IPTCTEXT
RW
IPTC Newsphoto (ASCII)
An ASCII representation of the IPTC format.
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|
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|
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